LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. 
^aft^^nf^n0 f o 



UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 



RANDALL'S -:^v-.sh> 






TABULATED 



United States 



, history. 



7/SAc 



LIMA, OHIO: 

EVENING TIMES, PRINTERS AND BINDERS. 



1885. J 



COPYRIGHT, 
1885. 
By DCCCr^ll^. RANDALL.-i N tZTF 

[n the Office of the Librarian of Congress, 
Washington, D. C. 



PREFACE. 



It has been the experience of the author, through a long 
course of study, and also as a teacher, to learn that the study of 
history to pupils is a dry and tedious undertaking, and that this 
dislike is owing to the fact that the histories heretofore published 
for the common schools contain too many words for the amount 
of matter. Very often pupils have to read five or six pages to 
learn what might have been expressed in twenty words ; this 
not only confuses him in learning his lesson, but takes time 
from his other studies. Therefore, in presenting this little book to 
the public, we hope to lay a true foundation for the study of 
United States History in as few words as possible. The author 
will consider it a great favor to be informed of whatever mis- 
takes may have been made in the preparation of this work. 

Don W. Randall. 



The Times Co., 

Printers and Binders, 

Lima, Ohio. 

1885. 



I 
LESSON I. I 

KINDS OF HISTORY. i 



Q. What is history ? 
A. A record of the past. 
Q. How is history generally divided ? 
A. Into two principal kinds — Ancient and Modern ; these 
are subdivided into Civil, Sacred and Profane. 
Q. What is Ancient history ? 

A. A record of events from the creation of the World to 
the birth of Christ. 

Q. What is Modern history ? 

A. A record of events from the birth of Christ to the 
present time. 

Q. What is Civil history ? 
A. A history of empires, kingdoms and states. 
Q. What is Sacred history ? 
A. It is that which is recorded in the Bible. 
Q. What is Profane history ? 

A. It is a history of fabulous gods and heroes of antiquity. 

r Civil. 
Ancient. } Sacred. 
(^ Profane, 
r Civil. 
Modern, -j Sacred. 
( Profane. 



Kinds of History. 



6 RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 

LESSON IL 

HISTORY OF AMERICA PREVIOUS TO COLUMBUS' DISCOVERIES. 

America was called by the Northmen " Vinland." 
Herjulfson, a Norse navigator, discovered Labrador in the 
year 986. 

' Labrador. 
Massachusetts. 
Leif Erickson, in 100 1, discovered^ Rhode Island. 

New York Harbor, so 
said. 

Thorwald Erickson, in 1C02, discovered-^ »l ', 

Thorstein Erickson, in 1005, discovered America. 

4 Massachusetts. 

Thorfinn Karlsefne, in 1007, discovered \ Rhode Island. 

( Virginia, so said. 

In 1347 a Norwegian ship visited Labrador and the north- 
eastern part of the U. S. 

In 1350 Greenland and Vinland were depopulated by a 
great plague which spread thitner from Norway. From that 
time the history of the New World ceased until Columbus dis- 
covered San Salvador. 

PRONUNCIATIONS. 

Herjulfson Har-yoolf-sun 

Erickson Er-icks-sun 

Thorfinn Karlsefne Tor-fin Kahrl-sef-ne 



LESSON IIL 

THE ELEVEN FAMILIES INTO WHICH THE AMERICAN INDIANS 
WERE DIVIDED AT THE DISCOVERY MADE BY COLUMBUS. 

Name. [Cotfimit, Spell and Pronounce.) Pronunciation. 

Iroquois Ir-o-kwah 

Algonquin Al-zohn-ken 

Cherokee Cher-o-ke 

Catawba Ka-ta-ba 

Mobilian . . , Mo-bel-yan 



RANDALL'S U. S HISTORY. 7 

Dakota Da-ko-ta 

Athapascan Ath-a-pas-kan 

Shoshone Shos-hon 

Esquimaux Es-ki-mo 

Aztec Az-tek 

Mayas Ma-az 



Red Jacket. 
Joseph Brant. 
Metacom, called 
King Philip. 
Tecumseh. 



LESSON IV. 

NAMES OF NOTED INDIANS. 



( Commit and Spell.) 

Black Hawk. 

Powhatan. 

Osceola. 

Massasoit. 

Opecancanough. 



Pontiac. 

Pocahontas, the 
daughter of Pow- 
hatan. 

Montezuma. 



LESSON V. 

THE EARLY DISCOVERERS. 



Columbus , . . . . 

Columbus 

John Cabot .... 
James Cartier . . . 
Juan Ponce de Leon 

De Soto 

Balboa 

Fernandes de Cordova 
Samuel de Champlain 



NATION. 



Spanish 
Spanish 
English 
French 
Spanish 
Spanish 
Spanish 
Spanish 
French 



DISCOVERY. 



West Indies . . . 
South America . . 
North America . . 
St. Lawrence river 

Florida 

Mississippi river . 
Pacific Ocean . . 
Yucatan .... 
Lake Champlain . 



Oct. 12, 1492 
Aug. I, 1498 
1497. 

1534. 
1512. 

1541. 
1513- 
1517- 
1609. 



PRONUNCIATIONS. 

James Cartier James Kar-te-a 

Juan Ponce de Leon Hoo-an-pon-tha-da-la-on 



RANDALL'S U. S HISTORY. 
LESSON VL 



Name of Explorer. 



Under what 
Authority. 



Christopher Isabella 



Columbus. 



Juan Ponce 
DE Leon. 

(Hoo-an-pon-tha-da 
la- on.) 



queen of 
Castile. 



His own 
private 
expedi- 
tion. 



THE exploration. 



Started on his first voyage 
to America from the port of 
Palos, August 3, 1492 ; dis- 
covered Guanahani, or San 
Salvador, October 12, 1492 ; 
discovered Cuba, October 28, 
1492. Made a second voy- 
age, 1493, discovering the 
Windward group, and the is- 
lands of Jamaica and Porto 
Rico. Made a third voyage, 
1498, discovering the main- 
land of South America, near 
the mouth of the Oronoco. 
Made a fourth voyage (date 
unknown) exploring the West 
Indies and a part of the coast 
of Darien. Died May 20, 
1506. 

Set sail from Porto Rico in 
15 12; discovered and named 
Florida ; explored the coun- 
try and returned to Porto Rico 
The king of Spain rewarded 
de Leon with the governor- 
ship of Florida. He reach- 
ed his province in 1521, but 
was soon mortally wounded 
by the natives, in a battle, 
and carried to Cuba to die. 



Time, 



About 

14 

Years. 



9 Years. 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 
LESSON VIL 



Name of Explorer. A^u'JhoSy.^ THE EXPLORATION. 



Ferdinand 
Magellan. 



Charles 

V. 
of Spain. 



De Narvaez. 

(Da-nahr-va-eth.) 



Charles 

V. 
of Spain. 



Time. 



He Started from Seville in 
August, 1519; explored the 
coast of South America ; dis- 
covered and named the strait 
of Magellan. Passed into 
the Pacific and discovered 
several groups of islands ; j About x 
was killed in a battle with the ! Years. 
natives of the Philippine is- 
lands, in 1520. The crew 
reached Spain in September, 
1522. This was the first 
circumnavigation of the 
Globe. 



He was appointed govern- 
or of Florida by Charles V. 
of Spain. Arrived at Florida 
in April, 1528, with 260 sold- 
iers and 40 horsemen ; wan- 
dered several years in the 
swamps in search of gold; 
put to sea, arriving six years 
afterward at San Miguel, on 
the Pacific coast, with only 
four survivors. De Narvaez 
was among the lost. 



Not 
known. 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 
LESSON VIIL 



Name Of Explorer. Un^d—h^^^^ 



Fernando de 
Soto. 



Charles 

V. 
of Spain. 



THE EXPLORATION. 



Time. 



He was a Spanish explorer. 
He selected an army of 600 
men to explore and colonize 
Florida. He left the harbor 
of San Lucar in 1537 and 
soon came lo Cuba Leav- 
ing Havana in October, 1539. 
shordy after landed at Tampa 
Bay. They spent the winter 
on the banks of the Flint 
River In 1540 they were 
all lost in the forest by a crazy 
Indian guide. They discov- 
ered the Mississippi River, 
near the southern boundary 
of Tennessee, 1541. They 
explored considerable of coun- 
try west of the great river 
De Soto died of a fever and 
was buried in the Mississippi 
river, near Natchez, 1542. 
De Soto named Moscoso as 
his successor. On the 2d 
day of July, 1543, they start- 
ed for the gulf of Mexico, fi- 
nally reaching the settlement 
at the mouth of the River of 
Palms. 



About 6 
Years. 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 
LESSON IX. 



II 



,., rT7 1 Under what 

Name of Explorer. Authority. 



Gasper Cor- 

TEREAL . 



King 

of 

Portugal 



Francis 
Giovanni j 

Verazzano. king of 

(Jo-van-nee Ver-rat- pj-^jjce 



THE EXPLORATION. 



In the summer of 1541, 
with two vessels, made a voy- 
age to America. Reached 
Maine in July and explored 
about 700 miles of the coast. 
Kidnapped 50 Indians and 
took them to Portugal and 
sold them for slaves 



In the year 1524 he ex- 
plored the eastern part of 
U. S.'in search of a passage 
to Catha (or China). Enter- 
ed and explored New York 
Bay ; named the country 
which he explored New 
France. Gives us the earli- 
est description of the eastern 
borders of the United States. 



Time. 



Unknown 



About 6 
months. 



12 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 
LESSON X. 



Name of Explorer. Un^J-^;^- 



James Car- 
tier, 

(Kar-te-a.) 



King 

of 

France. 



THE EXPLORATION. 



Time. 



He arrived at Newfound- 1 
land, May lo, 1534; circum- j 
navigated the island ; crossed | 
the gulf of St. Lawrence; dis- 1 
covered and named the St. i 
Lawrence river and the bays ' 
of Chaleur and Gaspe. Sup- j About i 
posing himself to be on a di- Year and 
rect course to China he sailed j 2 
up the St. Lawrence until he 
could see land on either side. 
Made a second voyage in 
1535, discovering the island 
of Montreal. Spent the ^ 
winter at Orleans, which he i 
named the Isle of Bacchus. | 
Made attempts at coloniza- 1 
tion, which proved to be a 
failure, and he and his crew 
returned home. 



Months. 



RANDALL'S U. S. HLSTORY. 
LESSON XL 



13 



Name of Explorer. AljlhoSy.^ THE EXPLORATION. 



Samuel de 
Champlain. 



Henry 
IV. of 
France. 



Crossed the Atlantic in j 
1603 for the purpose of es- 1 
tablishing a trading post on j 
the St. Lawrence river. S di- 
ed up the river and selected 
the place where Quebec now 
stands upon which to build 
a fort. Returned to France 
and published an account of 
his explorations. 

In 1608 he again came to \ 
America and, July 3d, laid \ 
the foundation of Quebec, j 
In 1609 he discovered Lake ! 
Champlain. In 1615 discov- 1 
ered Lakes Huron and Onta- i 
rio. Became governor of 
Quebec. Died, 1635. 



Time. 



About 
Years. 



14 RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 

LESSON XIL 

SETTLEMENT OF ST. AUGUSTINE. 

Q. Who were the Huguenots ? 

A. They were French Protestants who came to Florida to 
avoid religious persecution. 

Q. Where did they begin their settlement ? 

A. On the bank of the river St. John. 

Q. What was the fate of this colony ? 

A. It was destroyed by Pedro Melendez, who, with 500 
soldiers, massacred 142 men, women and children. 

Q. What did Melendez say he murdered them for? 

A. He said not because they were French, but because 
they were Protestants. 

Q. What did Melendez do with several hundred of the 
Huguenots who had resorted to their vessels at sea? 

A. After surrendering through the promises of Melendez, 
he had them murdered in cold blood. 

Q. Wnat town did Melendez found ? 

A. St Augustine, the oldest town in the U. S., 1565. 

Q. What did Gascon Dominique de Gourgues do? 

A. He sold his own property and procured three vessels, 
and with 150 men, sailed for Florida; and with the help of the 
Indians, captured the Spanish forts upon the river May (or St. 
John). 

Q. What was done with the prisoners ? 

A. They were hanged upon the tree under which Melen- 
dez had murdered the Huguenots. 

PRONUNCIATIONS. 

Huguenots Hu-ge-nots 

Melendez Mel-en-dez 

Gascon Dominique de Gourgues .... Do-me-nek-da-goorg 



CHAPTER Xin. 

SETTLEMENT OF VIRGINIA. 

Q. When and where did the English attempt to make 
their first settlement in America ? 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 15 

A In 1584, on the Isle of Roanoke. 

Q. Who sent this company to America? 

A. Sir Waher Raleigh. 

Q. How many vessels were sent on this voyage? 

A Two. 

Q. Who had command of the expedition ? 

A. Philip Amidas and Arthur Barlow. 

Q. What was the result of this expedition ? 

A. After making a few explorations they returned to Eng- 
land without founding a colony. 

Q. Wlien did Raleigh send out his second company ? 

A. In 1^85. 

Q. Where did they land ? 

A. The same as the first, on Roanoke Isle. 

Q. How many vessels and men were taken in this expe- 
dition? 

A. Seven vessels and 150 men. 

Q. What was the fate of this party ? 

A. Starvation and the hostilities of the Indians compelled 
them to return to England. 

Q. What was the first permanent English settlement in 
America ? 

A. The settlement of Jamestown, 1607. 

Q. Under what authority was this settlement made ? 

A. The London Company. 

Q. What was the character of the setders of Jamestown ? 

A. Forty-eight were indolent gentlemen, twelve field la- 
borers, four meclianics, and the remainder were soldiers and 
servants. 

Q. How many were there, in all ? 

A. 105. 

Q. Tell some of the troubles of the colonists. 

A. Want of food and good water caused over half of the 
colonists to die within six months after they landed. 

Q. What distinguished man was with the first settlers ? 

A. Captain John Smith. 

Q. For what may this man be noted ? 

A. For the great energy and success with which he gov- 
erned the affairs of Jamestown. 

Q. What is related of Smith, while on an expedition up 
the Chickahominy ? 



i6 RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 

A. He was captured by the Indians and carried before 
Powhatan, an Algonquin chief, and condemned to death. His 
head was placed on a rock, and a warrior raised a club to crush 
the head of Smith. 

Q. What prevented his being killed ? 

A. Pocahontas, Powhatan's favorite daughter, got Smith's 
head in her arms, and by her tears and entreaties succeeded in 
saving his life. 

Q. Whom did Pocahontas marry? 

A. John Rolfe. 

Q. Where did she die ? 

A. At Gravesend, leaving a son, from whom descended 
some of the most eminent families of Virginia. 

Q. When and by whom was slavery introduced ? 

A. In 1619 a Dutch vessel, from the coast of Guinea, 
sailed up the James river with 20 negroes, and sold them to the 
planters. 

Q. What happened to the colony at Jamestown, March 
22, 1623 ? 

A. They were attacked by the Indians and in one hour 
347 men, women, and children, were killed. 

Q. What followed this massacre ? 

A. A war of extermination against the Indians. 

Q. What rebellion took place in 1676? 

A. Bacon's Rebellion. 

Q. What was the result of diis rebellion ? 

A. The country was laid waste, and Jamestown burned. 

Q. What terminated this rebellion ? 

A The death of Bacon. 



LESSON XIV. 

GOVERNMENT OF VIRGINIA. 
FIRST CHARTER. 



Q. How many charters had the London Company? 

A. Three. The first contained no form of self government ; 
none of the officers were chosen by the people ; the king was to 
appoint two councils ; one was to remain in London and have 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 17 

control of all the colonies, while the other was to reside one in 
each colony and control its local affairs. 

Q. What was the date of the first charter? 

A. In April, 1606. 

Q. What territory was granted the London Company ? 

A. All the territory between the southern limits of Mary- 
land and Cape Fear. 

SECOND CHARTER. 

Q. What was the nature of the second charter ? 

A. The grant of territory was changed so as to extend 
from Cape Fear to Sandy Hook, and from the Atlantic to the 
Pacific oceans. The authority was vested in a governor instead 
of a local council. The council resident in London was em- 
powered to elect the governor. 

Q, What was the date of the second charter? 

A. May 23, 1609. 



CHAPTER XV. 

THIRD CHARTER. 

Q. What was the date of the third charter? 

A. in the early part of 1612. 

Q. What changes were made in this charter? 

A The council resident in London was to be abolished, 
and the stockholders of the London Company were empowered 
,0 elect their own officers, and regulate the affairs of the colony 
themselves. 

Q. What did Governor Yeardly do in 16 19? 

A. He divided the plantations into eleven districts, called 
burroughs, and ordered an election of two from each burrough 
to take part in the government. 

Q. W^hen was the Virginia House of Burgesses organized ? 

A. July 30, 1619. 

Q. For what may this assemby be noted ? 

A. For the first popular assemby in America. 

Q. Tell something of the powers of this assembly. 

A. They had freedom of debate, but very little power, 
politically. 



i8 RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 

Q. What changes were made in July 1621 ? 

A. The London Company gave Virginia a written code of 
laws, framed according to the English constitution, 

Q. Tell something of the government under this code. 

A. The governor was to be appointed by the Company. 
The Company was to appoint a council, also. The people were 
empowered to elect a House of Burgesses. Laws, when pass- 
ed, were sent to England to be ratified. It acknowledged the 
right of petition. It gave the right of trial by jury. The Bur- 
gesses could veto the .acts of the Company. 

Q, When did Virginia become a royal government? 

A. In June, 1624. 

Q. What change did this make ? 

A. The London Company ceased to exist, but the rights 
of the colony remained unchanged. 



LESSON XVL 

SETTLEMENT OF NEW ENGLAND. 

Q. Who were the Pilgrims, or Puritans ? 

A. They were English people who came to America to 
avoid religious persecutions. 

Q. What did they believe ? 

A. They believed that every man has a right to know the 
truth of the Scriptures and worship according to the dictates of 
his own conscience. 

Q. Where had they gone previous to their removal to 
America? 

A. To Leyden, Holland. 

Q. What was the name of the vessel in which they came 
to America ? 

A. The Mayflower. 

Q. How many pilgrims were there ? 

A. 102. 

Q. Where did they land in America ? 

A. On the shore of Massachusetts, at a place they called 
Plymouth, in honor of the place in England from which they 
started. 

Q. What was the date of the landing of the Pilgrims ? 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 19 

A. Dec. 2T, 1620. 

Q. Who visited the Pilgrims in 1621 ? 

A. Tiie Indian chief, Massasoit, from whom Massachu- 
setts derives its name. 

Q. What did they do with their property ? 

A. It was held in common. 

Q. Tell something of their sufferings. 

A. During the first four months nearly one-half of their 
number died. 

Q, How long did their sufferings continue ? 

A. Four years, after which they were prosperous. 

Q. W'ho was their first governor ? 

A. John Carver. 

Q. What kind of laws did they form ? 

A. They made a charter for themselves in which they de- 
clared their loyalty to the King of England and agreed to live 
m peace and harmony. 

Q. Who signed this charter? 

A. The heads of all the families — in all forty-one. 

Q. When and where was Connecticut settled? 

A. At Windsor, Hartford and Weathersfield, 1636. 

Q, By whom was Rhode Island settled ? 

A. By Roger Williams, 1636. 

Q. Why did W illiams go to Rhode Island ? 

A. On account of religious trouble. 

Q. By whom was the first settlement in New Hampshire 
made ? 

A. By Wheelright and his followers, who were banished 
from Massachusetts on account of their religious belief. 

Q. Who made the first settlement in Maine ? 

A. Ferdinand Georges, 1636. 

Q. In what war were the New England states engaged? 

A. King Philip's War. 

Q. Who was King Philip ? 

A. He was the son of Massasoit, chief of the Wampan- 
oags ? 

Q. What is this war noted for? 

A. For its cruelty on both sides. 

Q. What brought the war to a close ? 

A. The death of Philip, who was shot by one of his own 
men. 



20 RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 

Q. When and where was the first printing press establish- 
ed in America? 

A. At Cambridge, Mass., 1639. 

Q. When was Harvard University founded ? 

A. In 1638, at Cambridge. 



LESSON XVII. 

SETTLEMENT OF THE MIDDLE AND SOUTHERN STATES. 

Q. By whom was New York settled ? 

A. By the Dutch, in 1614, near the present site of Al- 
bany ; also on Manhattan Island, where New York now stands, 
and called it New Amsterdam. 

Q. For whom was the Hudson river named ? 

A. P^or Henry Hudson. He was the first Englishman 
who entered that river. 

Q. What occurred in 1664? 

A The English conquered New Amsterdam and the 
name was changed to New York, in honor of the Duke of 
York. 

Q. By whom was Delaware settled? 

A. By the Swedes and Finns, near the entrance of the 
Delaware Bay, where they laid the foundation of Lewistown, 
1630. 

Q. What happened to this settlement ? 

A. A few years afterward the governor of New Nether- 
lands, Stuyvesant, conquered the Swedes and Finns. 

Q. What was New Netherlands ? 

A. It was the name given by the Dutch to that part of the 
country lying between Passamaquoddy Bay and the Delaware 
river. 

Q. By whom was Maryland settled ? 

A. By the Roman Catholics, under Lord Baltimore, 1633. 

Q. Where did they begin their settlement ? 

A. At St. Marys. 

Q. What kind of government had Lord Baltimore ? 

A, It was established on the most liberal principles ; no 
one was molested on account of his religious opinion ; all were 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 



21 



permitted to worship according to the dictates of their own con- 
science. Civil and reh'gious liberty was proclaimed. 

By whom was Pennsylvania settled ? 

By William Penn, at Philadelphia, in 1681. 

What was the nature of this government ? 

It was similar to that of Lord Baltimore. Civil and 
religious freedom was tolerated. 

Ci- By whom was North Carolina settled ? 

By a colony from Virginia. 1650, near Albemarle sound. 

When was South Carolina setded ? 

Where Charleston now stands, 1680. 

By whom was Georgia settled ? 

In 1732, by James Edward Oglethrope. 

For what is Oglethrope noted ? 

For his influence in releasing prisoners for debt and 



Q. 

A. 

Q 

A. 



A. 

Q- 

A. 

Q- 

A. 

Q. 

A. 



small offenses. 



LESSON XVIII. 

BATTLES OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR. 



Battles. 


Date. 


British Com. 


F. & I. Com. 


B. loss 


F.&I. 
loss. 


Victors. 


Great Mead- 














ows or Ft. 














Necessity. 


ri7';4 


Washingt 'n 


M.DVillers 






F.& I. 


Braddock's de- 














Defeat. 


'."'iTSS 


Braddock 


Contrecoeur 


500 




F.& I. 


Lake George. j*^i7SS 


Johnson 


Dieskan 


300 


IOC 


British 


Ticonderoga. 


-1758 


Amber- 
crombie 




1900 




F.&I. 


Quebec. 


^•759 


Wolfe 


Montcalm 


600 


1500 


British 



Siege of 
Louisburg. 

Siege of 
Ft. Wm. Henry 



The siege of Louisburg lasted from June 3d, 
1758, to July 28th, 1758. The British fleet, 
consisting of thirty-eight ships of war, was com- 
manded by Gen. Amherst. Bridsh victory. 

The siege of Ft. William Henry lasted from 
August 3d to 9th, 1757, and was a French and 
Indian victory. The French commander was 
Montcalm : the British, Col. Monroe. 



22 RANDALL'S U. S. HISI'ORY. 

LESSON XIX. 

GENERAL QUESTIONS. 

Q. What was the cause of the French and Indian war? 

A Disputed territory. 

Q. Locate the disputed territory. 

A. Jt extended north of the Ohio river to the great hkes 
and west of the Allegheny mountains. 

Q. What did the French endeavor to do? 

A. They tried to connect their possessions by building 
forts along the Ohio river and establishing military posts from 
the Ohio across the country to the lakes. 

Q. What did Governor Dinwiddle do ? 

A. He sent George Washington, a young man 21 years of 
age, to ask their removal. 

Q. How did Washington travel on this occasion ? 

A. He had gone but a short distance when his horse 
failed, after which he completed the journey on foot, the dis- 
tance being about 400 miles 

Q. VVhen Washington delivered his message to the French 
commander what was the reply ? 

A. He said that he had no authority to discuss treaties ; 
that he acted under the authority of the Governor-General, 
Marquis Du Quesne. 

Q. What was done immediately after this reply? 

A, The governor of Virginia organized a regiment to de 
fend Great Britain in her claims. 

Q. Who were the commanders of this regiment ? 

A. Fry was appointed colonel and Washington lieutenant- 
colonel, but Fry died soon afterward and the command fell on 
Washington. 

Q. After the battle of Great Meadows who took command 
of the English forces? 

A. General Braddock. 

Q. Describe the battle of Braddock's Defeat. 

A. When within a mile of Fort du Quesne a body of 
French and Indians, in ambush, suddenly rushed upon Brad- 
dock's forces, killing one-half of his troops. Out of eighty-five 
officers but twenty-one survived. Washington had four balls 
shot through his clothes. Braddock was mortally wounded ; he 
was buried during the retreat, and Washington ordered the wag- 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 23 

ons to pass over his grave that his body might not fall into the 
hands of the Indians. 

Q. Where was Fort Duquesne ? 

A. Where the present city of Pittsburgh now stands. 

Q. Describe the Ruin of Arcadia. 

A. The innocent people were kidnapped, hurried on board 
of ships, and transported, some to every British colony in Amer- 
ica. Wives were separated from their husbands, and children 
from their parents, never to see each other again. 

Q. Why was this cruel act done? 

A. Because they would not take an oath of allegiance to 
Great Britain. 

Q. Describe the death "of Dieskan. 

A. He was wounded in the battle of Lake George. A 
French soldier, fighting with the English, found him leaning 
against a stump. Dieskan felt for his watch, to reconcile his 
enemy, but the soldier, supposing he was reaching for a pistol, 
shot him. 

Q. What two generals were killed in the battle of Quebec? 

A. Gen. Wolfe and Gen. Montcalm. 

Q. What were Wolfe's dying words ? 

A. Hearing the soldiers shout "they fly ! they fly !" he 
asked "who fiy ?" When told it was the French he said, "God 
be praised, I die happy." 

Q. What were Montcalm's dying words? 

Q. When told that he could live only a few moments, he 
said, "so much the better ; I shalll not see the surrender of 
Quebec." 

Q. What was the treaty of peace at the close of the 
French and Indian war ? 

A. The French gave up all the territory east of the Miss- 
issippi, except two small islands south of Newfoundland. Spain 
ceded Florida to England in exchange for Cuba. 

Q. When and where was this treaty made ? 

A. On the loth of February, 1763, at Paris. 

Q. What was the extent of the British possessions after 
this treaty ? 

A. They extended from the Gulf of Mexico to the Polar 
sea, and from the Mississippi river to the Atlantic ocean. 



24 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 



LESSON XX. 

BATTLES OF THE REVOLUTION 



Battles. 


Date. 


American Com. 


British Com. 


A. loss 


B. 

loss 

273 


Victor 


Lexington 


^9^775 


Parker , . 


Pitcairn . . 


88 


A. 


Bunker Hill . 


17^775 


Prescott [ery. 


Howe . . . 


1054 


420 


B. 


Quebec . . . 


yii775 


1 Montgom- 
( Arnold . 


Carlton . . 






B 


Ft. Moultrie . 


?8i776 


Moultrie . . 


Clinton . . 
r Howe 


32 


200 


A. 


Long Island . 


f|i776 


Washington 


} Clinton 
( Cornwallis 


TOGO 


400 


B. 


White Plains 


J-1776 


Washington 


Howe . . . 






Unde- 
cided. 


Princeton . . 


T1777 


Washington 


Cornwallis •. 
Cornwallis 




430 


A. 


Brandywine . 


^71777 


Washington 


I Clinton 


1000 


584 


B. 


Germantown 


T1777 


Washington 


Howe . . . 


1200 


535 


B. 


Bennington . 


r|i777 


Stark . . . 


Baum . . . 




800 


A. 


Stillwater, or | 
Saratoga \ 


Mi 777 


Gates . . . 


Burgoyne . 






A. 


"7VI777 


Gates . . . 


Burgoyne . 






A. 


Monmouth . 


J-1778 


Washington 


Clinton . . 


227 


300 


Undec 


Stony Point . 


211779 


Wayne . . 


Johnson . . 






A. 


Paul Jones' na- 














val battle . 


II1779 


Paul Jones , 


Pearson . . 






A. 


Charleston seige 


TinSo 


Lincoln . . 


Cornwallis . 






B. 


Camden . . 


r|i78o 


Gates . . . 


Cornwallis . 


2000 




B. 


Kings Mount'n 


<;-i78o 


Campbell . 


Ferguson . . 






A. 


Cowpens . . 


f^78i 


Morgan . . 


Tarleton . . 


80 


800 


A. 


Eutaw Sprmgs 


^^^1781 


Greene . . 


Cornwallis . 


555 


700 


A. 


Siege of York- 














town . . . 


?Si78i 


Washington 


Cornwallis . 






A. 


Savannah . . 


S1782 










A. 



A. 



LESSON XXL 

GENERAL QUESTIONS ON THE REVOLUTION, ETC. 

What were the Writs of Assistance? 

Writings authorizing the King's officers to search for 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 25 

smuggled goods. This authorized them to enter a mau's house 
house at his pleasure. 

Q,. What was the Stamp Act ? 

A. It was au act, passed in 1765, that all deeds, bonds, 
newspapers and pam})hlets should be Avritten on stamped paper. 
Jt was repealed by Jr'arliaraent in 1766. 

Q, What other attempt was made by Parliament to tax 
the colonies? 

A A duty was laid on tea, glass, paper, painters' colors, &c. 

Q How did the colonists regard this act? 

A, They regarded it as a great imposition, and did all they 
could in opp(;sition to it. 

Q What was done at Boston ? 

A. The colonists, disguised as Indians, boarded the vessels 
and threw 350 chests of tea, with which the vessels were loaded, 
into the sea. 

Q. vVhat was the Mutiny A.ct? 

A. Au act of Parliament forbidding the landing of goods 
in Boston. 

Q. Who was first President of the Continental Congress ? 

A. Peyton Randolph, of Virginia. 

Q. At what date and \vhere did the first Continental Con- 
gress meet? 

A. At Philadelphia, September 5th, 1774. 

Q. V/hat did they do at this meeting ? 

A. They voted not to obey the recent acts of Parliament, 
and sustained Massachusetts in her resistance, and agreed to 
hold no intercourse with Great Britain. 

Q. Who cummanded the British army at the beginning of 
the Revolution ? 

A. General Gage. 

Q. When did George Washington take command of the 
American forces ? 

A. June 15th, 1775, consisting of 14,000 men. 

Q. What American General was killed at the battle of 
Bunker Hill ? 

A. General Warren. 

Q. About this time what did the Americans do ? 

A. Crown Point and several other forts and magazines in 
the possession of the English were seized by the Ameri- 
cans. 



26 RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 

Q. To whom weie Ticonderoga and Crown Point surren- 
dered ? 

A. To Ethan Allen and Benedict Arnold. 

Q. What did Allen say when asked by what authority he 
demanded the surrender of Ticonderoga ? 

A. Re said, "I demand it in the name of the Great 
Jehovah and the Continental Congress." 

Q. In what battle was General Montgomery killed ? 

A. In the battle of Quebec. 

Q. During the battle of Bunker's Hill what town was set 
on fire ? 

A. Charleston. 

Q. What motion was made by Eichard Henry Lee and 
seconded by John Adams, (m the 7th of June, 1776 ? 

A. "That the United Colonies are, and ought to be. free 
and iudependent States, and that their connection with Great 
Britain is, and ought to be, dissolved." 

Q. When did the Declaration of Independence take place ? 

A. The 4th of July, 1776. 

Q. Who were appointed to draw up the Declaration of In- 
dependence ? 

A. Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, 
Roger Sherman and Robert R. Livingston. 

Q. A¥ho penned the Declaration of Independence ? 

A. Thomas Jefferson. 

Q. How many colonies were there at the time of the Dec- 
laration ? 

A. Thirteen. 

Q. What were these colonies declared to be ? 

A. Free, Sovereign and Independent States. 



LESSON XXII. 

Q. What are the names of the thirteen original States and 
when settled ? 

A. Massachusetts, settled in 1620; New Hampshire, 1623; 
Rhode Island, 1636; Connecticut, 1633; New York, 1613; 
Maryland, 1634; Delaware, 1638; New Jersey, 1664; Penn- 
sylvania, 1682 ; Virginia, 1607 ; North Carolina, 1663 ; South 
Carolina, 1670; Georgia, 1733. 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 27 

. LESSON XXIII. 

Q. What v;as the eftbct of the Declaration of Independence? 

A. By it all connection with Great Britain was forever 
dissolved. 

Q Who signed the Declaration of Independence, aud 
when ? 

A. The fifty-six members of Congress, August 2d, 1776. 

Q. After the Declaration what became necessary ? 

A. That articles of government should be drawn. 

Q What name was given to these articles? 

A. Articles of Confederation ? 

Q; When were they to take effect? 

•A. W^hen ratified by all the States. 

Q. What State consented last ? 

A- Rhode Island. 

Q. What were the articles of Confederation ? 

A. They were the laws by which the United States w^ere 
governed previcius to the adoption of the present Constitution. 

Q, What great difficulty arose with regard to the Articles 
of Confederation ? 

A They gave no actual power to Congress. 

Q, Wh«t was the first battle after the Declaration of In- 
dependence ? 

A, The battle of Long Island. 

Q. When did Philadelphia surrender to tlie British ? 

A. September 26th, 1777. 

Q, What dariug exploit was done by Col. Barton ? 

A. He and forty soldiers crossed from Warwick to the 
island of Rhode to the British camp, and proceeding to General 
Prescott's lodgings made him a prisoner and returned. 

Q. What was the principal object in capturing General 
Prescott ? 

A. To have an officer who was equal in rank to Gen. Lee, 
that they might exchange. 

Q. Where was General Lee captured ? 

A. At Baskenridge. 

Q. Why did General Washington refuse to receive certain 
letters from General Howe ? 

A. Because they were directed to George Washington in- 
stead of General Washington. 



28 RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 

Q. How did Hovre then direct a second message ? 

A. To "George Washington, etc., etc., etc.," the bearer 
insisting that the and-so-forth might mean the General of the 
American army But Washington still refused and sent the 
bearer away. 

Q. Who were the Hessians ? 

A. German soldiers, hired by England to fight against the 
Americans. 

Q. What General was killed in the battle of Princeton ? 

A. General Mercer, of Virginia. 

Q. What two distinguished foreigners served the Ameri- 
cans in the battle of Brajidywine ? 

A. La i^'ayette, of France, and Pulaski, of Poland • La 
Fayette being wounded. 

Q. In what battle was Pulaski killed ? 

A. In the battle of Savannah. 

Q. To whom did Burgoyne surrender ? 

A. To General Gates, at Saratoga, October 17th, 1777- 

Q. What agreement was made in the surrender ? 

A. That the British should give up their arms and ammuni- 
tion, return to England and take no more part in the war. 

Q Where were Washington's quarters during the winter 
of 1777-1778 ? 

A. In Valley Forge. 

Q. What was their condition ? 

A. They had little clothing, no blankets, and not even 
straw to sleep on ; some were barefooted ; their feet were so sore 
that they could be tracked by the blood. 



LESSON XXIV. 

Q. Whom did Congress appoint to solicit aid from the 
French government? 

A. Benjamin Franklin, Silas Dean, and Arthur Lee. 

Q. Did they succeed? 

A. Yes 

Q. How long did the British hold Philadelphia ? 

A. Nine months. 

Q. In the battle of Monmouth what act of bravery was 
performed by Mary Pitcher ? 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 29 

A. Her husband, an artilleryman, was shot and the com- 
mander ordered the piece removed from the field, but she hur- 
ried to the cannon, and, seizing the rammer, bravely performed 
her husband's duty. 

Q. How did Washington reward her for her bravery? 

A. He appointed her as sergeant in the army, with half 
pay through life. The soldiers called her "Major Molly." 

Q. When was the massacre of Wyoming ? 

A. July 3d, 1778, in Wyoming Valley, Pennsylvania. 

Q. Describe the Wyoming Massacre. 

A. 1,600 Indians and Tories, commanded by John liutler, 
ravaged the country, killing old men, women and children. 

Q. What was Paul Jones' most memorable victory ? 

A. The capture of the Serapis, off the coast of Scotland. 

Q. What was the result of the siege of Charleston ? 

A. Gen Lincoln was compelled to surrender his troops, 
numbering 2,000, to the British. 

Q. Describe the massacre of Maxhaw Creek. 

A. Col. Tarleton, with a body of British, alter compelling 
400 Americans to surrender, murdered them. 

Q. What assistance did the Americans receive in 1780 ? 

A. A French fleet, under the command of De Ternay, 
landed at Rhode Island with 6,000 troops. 

Q. Who commanded the troops ? 

A. Count de Rochambeau. 

Q. For wliat great treachery was the year 1780 noted ? 

A. For the treachery of Gen. Arnold. 

Q. What did Arnold try to do ? 

A. He tried to betray West Point into the hands of the 
British. 

Q. What reason had Arnold for resorting to this treach- 
ery ? 

A. By gambling and extravagant living he had become 
greatly involved, and had appropriated public money to his own 
use. For this the commander-in-chief had him tried, and sen- 
tenced upon him a reprmiand; and for this reason Arnold 
determined to have revenge. 

Q. With whom did Arnold hold an interview ? 

A. With John Andre, a British major. 

Q. To what extent did they succeed ? 

A. Andre had obtained the required information and was 



30 RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 

on his way to New York when he was arrested by three soldiers 
who searchEd him, and found a drawing of West Point and 
other papers concealed in his boots. He offered them a purse 
of gold and a watch if they would release him, but they loved 
their country better than gold. 

Q. Give the date of this occurrence. 

A. September 23d, 1780. 



LESSON XXV. 

Q. Under vv^hat terras did Washington agree to release 
Andre ? 

A. He offered to exchange him for Arnold ; but this Clin- 
ton, the British general, would not do. 

Q. What was the fate of Andre ? 

A. He was hanged as a spy, at Tappan, New Jersey. 

Q. What became of Arnold ? 

A. He escaped to New York, and as a reward for his 
treachery received an appointment as general in the British 
army, and 830,000. 

Q. What were the names of the soldiers who captured 
Andre ? 

A. John Paulding, David Williams, and Isaac Van Wart. 

Q. How were they rewarded ? 

A. They received a medal inscribed on one side the motto 
"Fidelity," and on the other, ''The Love of Country Conquers." 
They also received a pension of $200 each for life. 

Q. Did Gen. Green ever gain a decided victory ? 

A. No ; but Congress voted the highest honors to him for 
his bravery, prudence and wisdom as a general. 

Q. What event brought the Revolution to a close ? 

A. The surrender of Cornwallis to Gen. Washington, at 
Yorktown, October 19th, 1781. 

Q. How many British troops were surrendered ? 

A. About 7,000. 

Q. Give the amount of military stores taken. 

A. Seventy-five brass and one hundred and sixty-nine iron 
cannon, and 7,794 muskets, besides other valuable articles. 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 31 

Q. What did Washington order immediately after the sur- 
render of Cornwallis ? 

A. He ordered divine service to be held in the different 
brigades of the army. 

Q. What was done by Congress ? 

A. It recommended a day of thanksgiving in the United 
State?. 

Q. When and where was the treaty of peace signed ? 

A. At Paris, September 3d, 1783. 

Q. With what American commissioners was the treaty of 
peace negotiated ? 

A, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Henry Lawrence, 
and John Jay. 

Q. By the terms of the treaty what was the boundary of 
the United States ? 

A. The northern boundary was the great lakes and the 
present northern boundary of New York, Vermont, New Hamp- 
shire and Maine; the Atlantic, the eastern; the southern bound- 
ary was the northern boundary of Florida, which at that time 
extended to the Mississippi ; the western boundary was the 
Mississippi. 

Q. How long did the Revolution last? 

A. About eight years. 

Q. What did the Revolution cost Great Britain ? 

A. About $50,000,000. 



32 



RANDALL'S U S. HISTORY. 
LESSON XXVL 

BATTLES OF THR WAR OF l8l2. 



Battles. 


Date. 


U. S. Com. 


British Com. 


u.s 

loss 

14 


B. 

loss 

79 


Victor 


1 Constitution 
I ^ ^ . 
' Guerier 




^"|l8l2 


Hull 


Dacres 


U.S. 


, United States 
^ 1 Macedonia 




'25IS12 


1 )ecatur 


Carden 


I 2 


100 


U.S. 


J Wasp 
^^ Frolic 




?gl8l2 


Jones 


VVhinyates 






U.S. 


4^ 


Constitution 
Java 




?-l8l2 


Bainbridge 








U.S. 


5^ 


Peacock 
Hornet 




i-1813 


Lawrence 


Peak 






U.S. 


^ Chesapeake 

< fM 


1 


Jf I8I3 


Lawrence 


Broke 






B. 


1 Shannon 












Perry's Victor}^ 




f^i8i3 


Perry 


Barclay 






U.S. 


Frenchtown 




:'."';i8i3 


Winchester 


Proctor 


300 




B. 


York 




^^'^1813 


Pike 


Sheaffe 






U.S. 


Sackets Harbor 




^^•1813 


Brown 


Yeo 






U.S. 


Thames 




Oct, 813 

^1^1814 


Harrison 


Proctor 






U.S. 


Chippewa 




Scott 


Riall 






u s. 


Bridgevvater 




J«^i8i4 


Brown 








U.S. 


Plattsburg 




^71814 


Izard 


Prevost 






U.S. 


Blade nsburg 




^,-|i8i4 

sc|i8i4 


Windser 


Ross 






B. 


Baltimore 




Strieker 


Ross 






U.S. 


Lundy's Lane 




;j|i8i4 

9ePl8l4 


Scott [gh 


Riall 






U.S. 


Lake Champlain 




Mc Donou- 


Downie 






U.S. 


New Orleans 




i-i8is 

8 -> 


Jackson 


Packenh'm 


7 


700 


U.S. 



LESSON XXVII. 

GENERAL QUESTIONS. 

Q. When was the war of 181 2 declared? 

A. On the i8th of June, 1812. 

Q. What was one of the first 0[)erations of the war ? 

A. General Hull invaded Canada. 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 33 

Q. With what result ? 

A. Hull, learning that the British and Indians were prepar- 
ing to attack him, retreated to Detroit and there drew up his 
men in line of battle. Although his men were anxious to en- 
gage in the fight, to their indignation he surrendered Detroit, 
with its garrisons and stores, and the whole of Michigan Terri- 
tory, without even stipulating for the honors of war. 

Q. To whom was this surrender made ? 

A. To Gen. Brock, Aug. 15. 1812. 

Q. Where was Gen Brock killed? 

A. At Queenstown Heights. 

Q. Whai was done with Gen. Hull for his cowardice at 
Detroit ? 

A. He v/as tried by court-martial and sentenced to be 
shot, but 0!i account of his service \n the Revolution, and his 
age, he was pardoned by the President, but his name was erased 
from the roll of officers. 

Q. What was the opening event of 18 13? 

A. The battle of Frenchtown. 

Q. What was the fate of those v/ho surrendered at the 
battle of Frenchtown ? 

A. They were nearly all tomahawked and scalped by the 
Indians, and the treacherous British general did not try to pre- 
vent their brutish barbarities. 

Q. What ac(ndent happened at the battle of York ? 

A. Gen Pike and about 200 of his men were killed by the 
explosion of the enemy's magazine, which had been ignited by a 
slow match just before the fort was abandoned. 

Q. In what engagement was Captain Lawrence mortally 
wounded, and what were his dying words ? 

A. In the engagement between the Chespeake and Shan- 
non. When asked if the colors should be struck, he replied : 
" Not while I live." And as long as he was able to speak he 
would cry, " Don't give up the ship." 

Q. , What was the most brilliant victory of the year 1813? 

A. Perry's Victory on Lake Erie. 

Q. Describe the battle of Perry's Victory. 

A. The American fleet consisted of nine vessels and 54 
guns, comm.anded by Commodore Oliver H. Perry, a young 
man but 28 years of age, and the British fleet consisted of six 
vessels and sixty-three guns, commanded by Commodore Bar- 



34 RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 

clay. Perry's flag ship, the Lawrence, engaged with two of the 
heaviest vessels of the enenay and fought until only eight of her 
men were left. Leaving the Lawrence (Perry, with flag in hand) 
they were rowed in an open boat to the Niagara, amidst a show- 
er of shot from the enemy, and in fifteen minutes after the vic- 
tory was theirs. 

Q. What noted Indian chief was killed in the battle of the 
Thames ? 

A. Tecumseh, by Colonel Johnson, so said. 

Q. When was Washington City captured ? 

A. August 24, 1814. 

Q. \\ hat buildings were burned, and who had it done ? 

A. The capitol. the treasury, war and navy offices, togeth- 
er with many private residences and store houses. Gen. Ross 
commanded it done. 

Q. Give an account of the battle of Horseshoe Bend. 

A. The Alabama Indians massacred the garrison at Fort 
Mimms. Gen. Jackson drove them from place to place, and fi- 
nally, driving them into their fortification at Horseshoe Bend, 
his soldiers, with fixed bayonets, scaled their breastworks, and 
a desperate battle followed, 600 Creeks being killed. Those who 
escaped were willing to make peace on any terms. 

Q. When and where was Gen. Ross killed ? 

A. At Baltimore, Sept. 13, 1814, by an American rifleman. 

Q. What low acts were committed by Admiral Cockburn? 

A. He burned bridges, farm-houses and villages in Vir- 
ginia and Carolina. He robbed the inhabitants, plundered 
churches, and even murdered the sick in their beds. 

Q. Of what did Gen. Jackson mke bis breastworks at the 
battle of New Orleans ? 

A. Of bales of cotton. 

Q. What two British generals were mortally wounded in 
the battle of New Orleans ? 

A. Gen. Packenham and Gen. Gibbs. 

Q, When and where was a treaty of peace signed between 
England and the United States ? 

A. On December 24th, 1814, at Ghent, (gent) Belgium. 

Q. Who were the American commissioners appointed to 
negotiate peace ? 

A. Henry Clay, Jonathan Russell, John Quincy Adams, 
James A. Bayard and Albert Gallatin. 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 
LESSON XXVIIL 

BATTLES OF THE MEXICAN WAR. 



35 



Battles. 


Date. 


U.S.Com. 


Mex. Com. 


U.S. 
loss. 


M.loss 


Victors. 


Palo Alto 


I0OI846 


Tavior 


Arista 


44 


ICO 


u. s 


Resac de la Palma 


1*1846 


Taylor 


La Vega 


121 


800 


U.S. 


Monterey 


I- I 846 


Taylor 


Ampudia 


70c 


200 


U.S. 


Buena Vista 


^t^~r^ 4/ 


Taylor 


SantaAnna 


723 2000 


U.S. 


Cerro Gordo 


1^1847 


Scott 


Santa Anna 


431 1200 


U.S. 


Contreras 


ISI847 


Smith 


Vaiincia 




700 


U.S. 


Cnerubusco 


IS 1 847 

,^<^i847 


Scou 


SantaAnna 


1000 


600 


U.S. 


Melino del Rey 


Worth 


SantaAnna 






U.S. 


Chapultepec 


1:^1847 


Pillow 


SantaAnna 






U.S. 


Capture of the 














City of Mexico 


1:1847 


Scott 


SantaAnna 






U.S. 



LESSON XXIX. 

GENERAL QUESTIONS ON THE MEXICAN WAR. 

Q. What was Texas formerly ? 

A. It was a Mexican province 

Q. When was it made independent of Mexico? 

A. In 1836. 

Q. When was Texas admitted into the United States ? 

A. In 1845. 

Q. What is noticeable of the victories in the Mexican 



war 



A. 



war ? 



The United States gained every victory. 

Who had command of the U. S. forces in the Mexican 



A. Gen. Taylor in 1846 and Gen. Winfield Scott in 1847. 

Q. What was the cause of this war ? 

A. The disputed boundary line between the LTnited States 
and Mexico. 

Q. What did the U. S. claim the line to be ? 

A. The Rio Grande from its source to its mouth 

Q. What line did Mexico claim ? 



36 RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 

A. The River Nueces. 

Q. Whom did the U. S. send as a commissioner to 
Mexico. 

A. Mr. Slidel, but the Mexican government would not 
receive him. 

Q. In what battle was Major Ringgold killed ? 

A. In the battle of Palo Aho. 

Q. What is related of Santa Anna in the battle of Cerro 
Gordo ? 

A. In his hurried retreat from the field of butle, he left 
his carriage- and wooden leg in the hands of rhe enemy, 

Q. When was a treaty of peace concluded ? 

A. February 2nd, 1848. 

Q. In this treaty, to what was agreed ? 

A. That the Rio Grande should be the western boundary 
of the disputed territory, and that Mexico should cede to the 
United States the provinces of New Mexico and California, 
which embraced also the present State of Nevada and the terri- 
tories of Utah and Arizona, for the sum of $15,000,000. 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 
LESSON XXX. 

CIVIL WAR. 



37 



CONFEDERATE VICTORIES. 



Battles. 


S'ate 
SC 


Date. 


Union Com. 


Con. Com. 


U. loss 


C.Ioss 


Ft. Sumpter 


3:!" '61 


■ 

Anderson 


Beaureg'rd 




Big Bethel 


Va 


IS1861 


Butler 
r Scott 


r Jackson 






Bull Run 


Va 


■^:;iS6i 


[ell 
(^ McDow- 


] Kirby 
( Smith 


2952 


2O5O 


Wilson's Creek 


Mo 


|-i86r 


Lyon 


McCull'ch 






Ball's BlufF 


Va 


i;;i86i 


Baker 


Evans 


800 




Belmont 


Mo 


|t-i86i 


Grant 


Polk 






Winchester 


Va 


|t»i862 


Banks 


Jackson 






Gaine's Mill 


Va 


1.^1862 


McClellan 


Lee 






Cedar Mountain 


Va 


I0.1862 


Banks 














( Jackson 






2d Bull Run 


Va 


I^S'62 


Pope 


Lee 






Richmond 


Ky 


I^r862 


Buell 


Smith 






Chantilly 


Va 


|ca862 


Pope 


Lee 






r Capture of 
-J Harper's Ferry 
( Mumfordsville 














Va 


rZiS62 




Jackson 






Ky 


1^:1862 




Bragg 






Fredericksburg: 


Va 


1:1862 


Burnside 


Lee 


13000 


4000 


Haines' Bluff ^ 


Va 


1.^1862 


Sherman 


( Lee 






Chancellorsville 


Va l^^co '63 

1 


Hooker 


( Jackson 


17000 


12000 


Chicamauga 


Ga 


i^f/63 


Rosecrans 


Bragg 


19000 


191OO 


Ft. Pillow 


Tn 


r;:i864 




Forrest 






Sabine Cross R'ds 


La 


I?i864 










Cold Harbor 


Va 


|cci864 


Grant 


Lee 


1 0000 


1000 


Kenesaw Mts. 


Ga 


ir,^';'64 


Sherman 


Johnson 






Monocacy River 


Md 


|o>i864 


Wallace 


Early 







38 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 
LESSON XXXL 

CIVIL WAR. CONTINUED. 







UNION 


VICTORIES. 








Battles. 


S'ate 

Va 


Date. 


Union Com. 


Con. Com. 


U. loss C. loss 


Phillippi 


|«t86i 










Booneville 


Mo 


1^1861 










Rich Mountain 


Va 


?:i86i 










Carrick's Ford 


Va 


:i:i86i 














1 f Frem'nt 








Cross Keys 


Va 


|qoi862 


< Banks 

I McDowell 

( Frem'nt 


Jackson 






Port Republic 


Va 


I0.1862 


{ Banks 

I McDowell 


Jackson 


























f Critten- 






Mill Spring 


Ky 


I21862 


Thomas 

( Com. 
^ Foote 


-{ den 

i, Zoilicot- 

fer 






Fort Henry 


Tn 


|«i862 














^ Grant 














r Com. 








Fort Donelson 


Tn 


r::-r62 


-{ Foote 
1^ Grant 


Buckner 

[loch 
r McCui- 

-^ Mcintosh 






Pea Ridge 


Ar 


1^1862 


Curtis 














l^Pike 














( Johnson 






Shiloh 


Tn 


|«t- '62 


Grant 


^ Beaure- 
l gard 


1 0000 


1 0000 




















r Butler 








New Orleans 


La 


IS1862 


i Com. 
1^ Farrag't 








Williamsburg 


Va 


|'oi862 


Hancock 








Mechanicsville 


Va 


1^1862 


McClellan 


Lee 






Malvern Hill 


Va 


^-1862 


McClellan 


Lee 






South Mountain 


Md 


1:1862 


McClellan 


Lee 







RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 

LESSON XXXIL 

CIVIL WAR. CONTINUED. 



39 







UNION 


VICTORIES. 








Battles. 


S'ate 


Date. 


Union Com. 


Con. Cora. 


U.loss 


C. loss 


Stone River | 
or J 




iZiS62 








Tn 


and 


Rosecrans 


Bragg 


15000 


1 0000 


Murfreesboro ) 




|-'63 










Battles before 














Vicksburg 


Miss 


|::-^'63 


Grant 


Pemberton 






Vicksburg 


Miss 


n^iS63 


Grant 


Pemberton 






Gettysburg 


Pa 


l--'63 


Meade 


Lee 


23000 


30000 


Lookout Mt. ') 

and V 

Chattanooga J 






r Grant 
1 Hooker 
i Sherman 








Tn 


I?:t, '63 


Bragg 


5000 


1 0000 






[^Thomas 








Pleasant Hill 


La 


1*1864 


Banks 








Dal ton or Resaca 


Ga 


ir '64 


Sherman 


Johnson 






Dallas 


Ga 


I-1864 


Sherman 


Johnson 






Lost Mountain 


Ga 


it-t'64 


Sherman 


Johnson 






Mobile 


Ala 


j'01864 


Ad.Farragut 








Atlanta 


Ga 


nfA'64 


Sherman 


Hood 






Cedar Creek 


Va 


1^1864 


Sherman 


Early 






Ft. McAlHster 


Ga 


1:1864 


Sherman 








Nashville 


Tn 


ir'64 


Thomas 
r Terry 


Hood 




25000 


Ft. Fisher 


NC 


1^1865 


< Adm. 
[ Porter 








Petersburg 


Va 


l^co'65 


Grant 


Lee 






Richmond 


Va 


|-'65 


Grant 


Lee 







40 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 
LESSON XXXHL. 

CIVIL WAR. CONTINUED. 



UNDECIDED VICTORIES. 



Battles. 


S'ate 


Date. 


Union Com. 


Con. Com. 


U.loss 


C. loss 


Fair Oaks ^ 




1;; 








V 


Va 


and 


McClellan 


Johnson 


7000 


7000 


Seven Pines 




I-1862 










Savage' Station 


Va 


iT.1862 


McClellan 


Lee 
f i^ong- 






Frazier's I'arm 


Va 


1^1862 


McClellan 


^ street 
1 Hill 






Antietam "l 






fLee 






r 


Md 


1^1862 


McClellan 


i 


12000 


1 2000 


Sharpsburg J 








[^ Jackson 






Perrysville 


Ky 


I001862 


Buell 
f Meade 


Bragg 






Wilderness 


Va 


I'o i^'64 


l^ Grant 


Lee 


20000 


10000 


Spottsylvania 


Va 


|co--'64 


Grant 


Lee 


1 0000 


1 0000 



LESSON XXXIV. 

GENERAL QUESTIONS ON THE CIVIL WAR. 

Q. How long did the Civil War last ? 

A. About four years. 

Q. What were the losses in this war ? 

A. The loss of the Union was about 300,000, and that ot 
the Confederacy about the same. 

Q. How many men were crippled or permanently disabled 
for life in this war ? 

A. About 400,000. 

Q. What then would be the total amount of killed and 
disabled ? 

A. 1,000,000 men. 

Q. What was the amount of the national debt in i860 ? 

A. $64,770,000. 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 41 

Q. What was the amount of tlie nation's debt on the ist 
of January, 1866? 

A. $2,750,000,000. 

Q. What was the amount paid out for the war ? 

A. About $4, 000, 000, 000. 

Q. What states seceded at the beginning of the war? 

A. South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Georgia, Ala- 
bama. Louisiana, Texas, Virginia, North Carolina, Arkansas 
and Tennessee. 

Q. Which state seceded first, and when ? 



South Carolina, Dec. 20, i860. 
What name was given to the seceded states ? 
The Confederate Slates of America. 
What was the first event of the war? 
The bombardment of Fort Sumpter 
Who was elected i 'resident and Vice President of the 
Confederate States ? 

A. Jefferson Davis was elected President, and Alexander 
H. Stephens, Vice President. Their inauguration took place on 
Feb 4th, 1 86 1. 

Q. Where was the first blood shed in the war ? 

A. On the streets of Baltimore, Apr. 19th, 1861. 

Q. What Confederate commander was killed at Carrick's 
Ford ? 

A. Gen. Garnett. 

Q. What was the first great battle of the war? 

A. The battle ot Bull Run, July 21st, 1861. 

Q. What were some of the various names given to the 
people of the North and the South during the war ? 

A. The people of the North were called Yankees, Fed- 
erals and Unionists. The people of the South were called 
Rebels, Confederates and Johnnies. 

Q. What Union general was killed at Wilson's Creek ? 

A. Gen. Lyon. 

Q. Whom did the southern people send to England and 
France to plead the cause of the Confederacy ? 

A. James M. Mason and John Slidell. 

Q. What happened to these commissioners? 

A. They were captured from the British steamer, Trent, 
by Capt. Wilks, and brought back to the United States. This 
caused quite an insult to England. However, the U. S. Gov- 



42 RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 

ernment disapproved of the act, and the prisoners were re- 
leased. 

Q. What Confederate commander was killed at Mill 
Springs ? 

A. Gen. Zollicoffer. 

Q. What Confederate general was killed at Shiloh ? 

A. (len. Albert S Johnson. 

Q. Where is Island No. lo? 

A. At the south-western boundary of Kentucky, in the 
Mississippi river. 

Q. When was it surrendered to the Union ? 

A On the 7th of April, 1862, to Gen. Pope and Com. 
Foote, with a garrison of 5,000. 

Q. What two Confederate generals were killed at Pe'a 
Ridge, Ark? 

A. Generals McCulloch and Mcintosh. 

Q. Describe the Merrimac ? 

A. It was the U. S. frigate Merrimac, a sunken vessel at 
Norfolk navy yard, which had been raised by the Confederates, 
and cut down to its water's edge, a structure built upon the 
hull cased with railroad iron, which looked like the roof of a 
building sunk to its eaves. It carried ten large cannons. It 
also had a huge iron beak in front for the purpose of piercing 
an antagonist. 



LESSON XXXV. 

Q. Describe the Monitor? 

A. It had the appearance of a long oval raft, rising 
eighteen inches above the water's edge, with a low, round iron 
tower built upon its center, carrying two guns of large dimen- 
sions, throwing 11 inch balls. This tower was made to revolve 
by machmery, so as to bring the guns in any direction desired. 

Q Who was the inventor of the Monitor ? 

A. Captain Ericsson. 

Q. When and where was the battle between the Merrimac 
and Monitor? 

A. March 9th, 1862, off the coast of Virginia. 

Q. Which was victorious ? 

A. The Monitor. 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 43 

Q. What did the Confederates compare the Monitor to? 

A. To a Yankee cheese box on a plank. 

Q. In what battle was Gen. Joseph E. Johnson wounded, 
and upon whom did the chief command devolve ? 

A. He was wounded at Fair Oaks or Seven Pines, and 
the command fell upon Robert E. Lee. 

Q. What two generals were killed at Chantilly ? 

A. Generals Stephens and Kearney. 

Q. How many prisoners did Jackson capture at Harper's 
Ferry ? 

A. About 12,000. 

Q. What was the plan of the campaign of 1862 ? 

A. The openmg of the Mississippi, the blockading of the 
southern ports, and the capture of Richmond. 

Q. What was Richmond ? 

A. The capital of the Confederate states. 

Q. What was the size of the armies in the beginning of 
1862? 

A. The Union forces amounted to 500,000, and tne Con- 
federates to 350,000. 

Q. Describe the capture of New Orleans ? 

A. The city was defended by two forts seventy miles 
down the river ; belov*^ these was a strong iron chain stretched 
across the river. The river was also guarded by gun boats, fire- 
rafts, and a floating battery. Admiral Farragut tried bombard- 
ing the forts, but with no effect, after which he determined to 
pass them. Steaming boldly up the river he encountered and 
destroyed twelve out of thirteen of the Confederate armed ves- 
sels. Fire was set to the stores of cotton, ships, gun boats, 
steamers and docks as soon as the Union fleet came in sight. 
Gen. Butler, who commanded the land forces, took millitary 
possession of the city, and the forts and fleet below were soon 
after surrendered. 

Q. How did Farragut protect his gun boats while passing 
the enemy ? 

A. By suspending iron chains and bags of sand over their 
sides. 

Q. What effect had the batcle of Murfreesboro ? 

A, The Confederates gave up recovering Kentucky. 

Q. What was the advantage in capturing Roanoke Island? 

A. It gamed the outer defences of Norfolk, opened Albe- 



44 RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 

marie and Pamlico sounds, eight rivers, four canals and two rail- 
roads. It made a good harbor for ships and exposed a large 
country to attack. 

Q. If the Merimac had gained the victory over the Moni^ 
tor, what probably would have been the result ? 

A. The Merrimac could have entered any port in the U. 
S., and it might have been the means of securing the victory 
for the Confederacy. 



LESSON XXXVL 

Q. What was the plan of the war for 1863. 

A. It was just about the same as that of 1862. 

Q. What was the amount of forces this year? 

A. The Union had about 700,000, and the Confederate 
about 350.000. 

Q. Describe the battles before Vicksburg ? 

A. Three months were spent by Grant in trying to get a 
position m the rear of Vicksburg. A canal was cut across a 
bend in the river for the purpose of opening a passage for the 
gun boats, but it was washed away by a flood ; another was 
begun, but to no purpose. On the night of the i6th of April 
the boats dropped down the river, being fired upon by the 
enemy, but with little damage. His land forces joined the 
squadron below On the first day of May he defeated the Con- 
federates at Port Gibson ; on the 12th at Raymond ; on the 14th 
at Jackson. At Champion Hills, on the i6th, and Black River 
Bridge on the 17th, he defeated Pemberton, who then retired 
within the defences of Vicksburg. The city of Vicksburg was 
now besieged, and after several hard fights Pemberton surren- 
dered Vicksburg and 30,000 prisoners, on the 4th of July, 1863. 

Q. What happened at Lawrence, Kansas, August 13th, 
1863? 

A. The chieltain, Quantrell, with a band of followers, 
murdered 140 persons. 

Q. What may this band be noted for? 

A. It was the old band of desperadoes to which the noted 
James brothers belonged, and in which they committed some of 
their most desperate deeds. 

Q. Describe John H. Morgan's raid ? 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 45 

A. With 2,000 Confederates he made a raid through Ken- 
tucky, Indiana and Ohio, destroying buildings and bridges, 
r-teahng horses and provisions. He was captured near New Lis- 
bon, O., on the 26th of July, 1863. After four months' impris- 
onment in the Ohio penitentiary, he escaped, reaching Richmond 
m safety. 

Q. Who superceded Gen. Burnside? 

A. Gen. Joseph Hooker. 

Q,. In what batde was Stonewall Jackson killed ? 

A. In the battle of Chancellorsville. Pie was accidendy 
shot by his own men. 

Q. What may be said of this man ? 

A. He was esteemed as a noble and pure minded man by 
both the North and South. His death was a great loss to the 
Confederacy. 



LESSON XXXVII. 

Q. What is said of the battle of Gettysburg ? 

A. It was one of the hardest fought battles as well as one 
of the most important. 

Q. Who took command of the Union forces just before 
the battle of Gettysburg ? 

A. Gen. George G. Meade. 

Q. When was Gen. Grant appointed commander-in-chief 
of all the Union armies in the United States ? 

A. On the 2d day of March, 1864. 

Q. How many njen were at his command? 

A. 700,000. 

Q. What two campaigns were planned for the year ? 

A. The army of the Potomic, under Meade and the com- 
m.ander-in-chief was to advance upon Richmond. Gen. Sher- 
man with 100,000 men was to march from Chattanooga against 
Atlanta. 

Q. By whom was Gen. Johnson superceded? 

A. By Gen. J. B. Hood, at the beginning of the siege of 
Atlanta. 

Q. What Union general was killed at Atlanta on the 2 2d 
of July ? 

A. Gen. James B. McPherson. 



46 RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 

Q. How long did the siege of Atlanta last ? 

A. For more than a month. 

Q. When was Atlanta surrendered to the Union ? 

A. On the 2d of September, 1864. 

Q When was Gen. Johnson re-enlisted to supercede Gen. 
Hood? 

A. Just after the battle of Nashville, in 1864. 

Q. When did Gen. Sherman burn Adanta ? 

A. On the 14th of November, 1864. 

Q. After burning Atlanta, what did Sherman do ? 

A. He began his March to the Sea with an army of sixty 
thousand. 

Q. Describe Sherman's March to the Sea ? 

A. He laid waste a country three hundred miles long and 
sixty miles wide, destroying three hundred miles of railroad. 
The march lasted five weeks. 

Q. What city was captured at the close of this march ? 

A. Savannah. 

Q. During Grant's move toward Richmond, what impor- 
tant battles were fought? 

A. The battles of the Wilderness and Spottsylvania. 

Q. Describe the battle of the Wilderness ? 

A. This battle occured in a thick wilderness. The smoke 
of the battle prevented any order, and the conflict which was 
carried on for three days, was but a horrid butchery, giving no 
benefit to either side. 

Q. When was Columbia surrendered ? 

A. On the 17th of February, 1865, ^^ G^"- Sherman. 

Q. When did the Union forces enter Charleston? 

A. On the i8th of Pebruary, 1865. 

Q. What did Admiral Farragut do in order to direct his 
movements at Mobile ? 

A. He mounted to the maintpp of the Hartford, and 
lashed himself to the rigging and gave his commands during the 
battle. 

Q. What is said of the batde of Spottsylvania ? 

A. It was one of the bloodiest and hardest fought battles 
of the war, resulting in no advantage to either army. 

Q. When and where did Gen. Lee surrender? 

A. At Appomattox, April 8th, 1865, ^^ Gen. Grant. 

Q. To whom did Johnson surrender ? 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 



47 



A. To Sherman, April 26th, 1865. 

Q. When and by whom was President Davis captured? 

A. He was taken in disguise, in Georgia, by General Wil- 
son's cavalry. May loth, 1865. 

Q. What was done with Davis ? 

A, He was taken to Fortress Monroe and kept in confine- 
ment until May of 1867. He was then taken to Richmond to 
be tried for treason. He was released on bail, and his cause 
finally dismissed. 



COMMANDERS OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR. 



BRITISH COM. 



Washington, 

Braddock, 

Johnson, 

Abercrombie, 

Wolfe. 



FRENCH AND INDIAN COM. 

M. D. Villers, 
Contrecoeur, 
Dieskan, 
Montcalm. 



COMMANDERS OF THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR. 



AMERICAN COMMANDERS. 


BRITISH COMMANDERS. 


Washington, 


Howe, 


Parker, 


Pitcairn, 


Prescott, 


Carlton, 


Montgomery, 


Clinton, 


Arnold, 


Cornwallis, 


Moultrie, 


Baum, 


Stark, 


Burgoyne, 


Gates. 


Johnson, 


Wayne, 


Pearson, 


Paul Jones, 


Ferguson, 


Lincoln, 


Tarlton. 


Campbell, 




Morgan, 




Greene, 





48 RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 

COMMANDERS OF THE WAR OF l8l2. 



U. S. COMMANDERS. 



Hull, 

Decatur, 

Jones, 

Bainbridge, 

Lawrence, 

Perry, 

Winchester, 

Pike, 



Brown, 

Harrison, 

Scott, 

Isard, 

Windser, 

Strieker, 

McDonough, 

Jackson. 



BRITISH COMMANDERS 



Dacres, 

Garden, 

Whinyates, 

Peak, 

Broke, 

Barclay, 

Proctor, 



Sheaffe, 

Yeo, 

Prevost, 

Riall, 

Ross, 

Dov/nie, 

Packenham. 



COMMANDERS OF THE MEXICAN WAR. 



U. S. COMMANDERS. 



Taylor, 

Scott, 

Smith, 

Worth, 

Pillow, 



Doniphan, 
Lane. 



MEXICAN COMMANDERS. 



Arista, 
La Vega, 
Ampudia, 
Santa Anna, 
Valincia, 



De Leon, 

Trias, 

Morales, 

Alvarez, 

Bravo, 



COMMANDERS OF THE CIVIL WAR. 



UNION 


COMMANDERS. 


CONFEDERATE COMMANDERS. 


Anderson, 


Rosecrans, 


Beauregard, 


Buckner, 


Butler, 


W^allace, 


Jackson, 


Mcintosh, 


Scott, 


Banks, 


Kirby Smith, 


Pike, 


McDowell, 


Thomas, 


McCulloch, 


Pemberton, 


Lyon, 


Com. Foote, 


Evans. 


Hood, 


Baker, 


Curtis, 


Polk, 


Longstreet, 


Grant, 


Com. Farragut, 


Lee, 


Hill. 


Fremont, 


Hancock, 


Bragg, 




McClellan, 


Meade, 


Forrest, 




Pope, 


Terry, 


Johnson, 




Burnside, 


Adm. Porter, 


Early, 




Sherman, 


Buell. 


Crittenden, 




Hooker, 




Zollicoffer, 





RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 



49 



WARS AND REBELLIONS WITH WHICH THE U. S. HAVE BKEN 
CONNECTED. 



Bacon's Rebellion 1676 

King Philip's war .... 1675 

Pequodwar. .... 1637 

Clayborn's rebellion 1635 

King William's war 1689 to 1697 

Queen Anne's war 1702 to 1713 

King George's war 1744 to 1748 

French and Indian war 1754 to 1763 

Pontiac's war 1763 

Revolution 1775 to 1782 

Shay's rebellion 1787 

Whisky rebellion ^794 

Tripolitan war 1795 ^^ 1S05 

War bf 1812 1812 to 1814 

Dorr's rebellion 1842 

Mexican v.ar 1846 to 1848 

Civil war 1861 to 186:; 



CAUSES OF WARS AND REBELLIONS. 

Q. What was the cause of Bacon's rebellion ? 

A. Nathaniel Bacon raised a company and defended the 
early settlers against the Indians. Governor Berkley, who had 
failed to provide sufficiently for the safety of the settlements 
against the Indians, denounced Bacon as a traitor, after which a 
rebellion followed. 

Q. What was the cause of King Phillip's war ? 

A. King Phillip became jealous of the intrusion of the 
whites, and planned a confederation of the Indian tribes against 
the intruders. 

Q. What was the cause of the Pequod war? 

A. The Indians became dangerous to the early settlers of 
Connecticut. Captain John Mason raised a company and de- 
stroyed almost the whole nation in one day. 

Q. What was the cause of Clayborn's rebellion ? 

A. The Virginia colonies claimed that Lord Baltimore's 
grant, (Maryland,) covered territory belonging to them. Clay- 
born, a member of the Jamestown council, having established 



50 RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 

two trading posts in ?»Iaryland, prepared to defend by force of 
arms. 

Q. W hat was the cause of King William's war ? 

A. The war was between England and France, and ex- 
tended into the American colonies. James the II had been 
exiled from England, and took refuge at the court of Louis 
XIV, of France. They both being Catholics, Louis agreed to 
assist James in recovering his kingdom. Parliament had con- 
ferred the crown on King William, who defended England. 

Q. What was the cause ot Queen Anne's war? 

A. The war was between England and France, and was 
caused by a dispute with regard to who should wear the crown 
of England. This war like King William's, extended mto the 
American colonies. 

Q. What was the cause of King George's war? 

A. This war was caused by a dispute as to the Austrian 
crown, and extended into the American colonies. 

Q. What was the cause of the French and Indian war ? 

A. Disputed territory, which lay north of the Ohio river, 
and west of the Allegheny mountains. 

Q. What was the cause of Pontiac's war? 

A. During the French and Indian war, the Indians as- 
sisted the French against the English ; when the English took 
possession, the Indians became dissatisfied; Pontiac, a chief of 
the Ottawas, formed a confederation of the tribes against the 
English. 

Q. What were the causes of the Revolution ? 

A. I. The right of arbitrary government. 

2. France urging the colonies to rebel. 

3. The unjust ruling of George III. 

4. The importation act of 1733. 

5. The writs of assistance. 

6. The stamp act. 

7. An act imposing a duty on tea, glass, paper, 
painter's colors, etc. 

8. Taxation without representation. 

9. The mutiny act. 

10. The Boston port bill. 
Q. What was the cause of Shay's rebellion ? 
A. In New England the people refused to pay their taxes, 
and openly made threats to overturn the Government ? 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 51 

Q. What was the cause of the whisky rehelHon ? 

A. The people of western Pennsylvania were determined 
not to pay tax on whisky. 

Q. What was the cause of the TripoHtan war ? 

A. A great many of the inhabitants of the Barbary states 
were pirates, and the American commerce suffered greatly from 
their intrusions. The crews of many American vessels were 
held until ransomed. 

Q. What were the causes of the war of 1812 ? 

A. I. The practice of the British searching American 
vessels and taking from them persons that were believed to be 
natives of Great Britain. The British were believed to capture 
several American citizens under this pretense, and compel them 
to serve in the British army. 

2. England blockaded the ports of her enemies, thus 
preventing American vessels from entering. 

Q. What was the cause of Dorr's rebellion ? 

A. An attempt to change the constitution. 

Q. What was the cause of the Mexican war? 

A. The disputed boundary line between Mexico and the 
LTnited States 

Q. What were the causes of the civil war ? 

A. T. The principal cause was the different construction 
put upon the constitution by the people of the North and South. 

2. The principle of state sovereignty. 

3. The Southern people being jealous of the advance- 
ment of the North. 

4. The publication of sectional books. 

5. The public opinion of the North against slavery. 



52 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 
LESSON XXXVIIL 



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W H O *0 00 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 
LESSON XXXIX. 



53 



PRINCIPAL EVENTS UNDER THE ADMINISTRATIONS 
OF THE PRESIDENTS. 



s- 

O 

o 



! ^ 

3 

I' 

I 7 
18 

' I 

2 



5- 
L6. 



Hamilton's financial plan. 

Establishing the place for the seat of government. 

The organization of the territory south-west of the 

Ohio. 
^Var with the Miami Indians, 1790. 
Vermont admitted into the Union as the fourteenth 

State, 1791. 
St. Clair's defeat, 1790. 
United States Bank established, 1791. 
Kentucky admitted into the Union, 1792. 

Whiskey rebellion, 1794. 

Wayne defeated the Indians near Waynesfield, com- 
pelling them to cede to the United States all the 
territory east of the line drawn from Fort Recov- 
ery to the mouth of the Kentucky river, 1793. 

[boundary between U.S. and Louisiana settled, 1795. 

Spain granted free navigation of the Mississippi river 
to the i^mericans, 1795. 

Tripolitan war, 1795. 

Tennessee admitted into the Union, 1796. 



LESSON XL. 

' I. Quasi war. 
2. Washington appointed commander-in-chief of the U. S. 
army. 
-{ 3. Napoleon Bonaparte became first consul of France,put- 
ting an end to the Quasi war. 
4. Death of Washington, Dec. 14, 1799. 
^5. Congress assembled at Washington, 1800. 



54 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 



I. 

2. 

3- 
4- 

5- 
6. 



The abolishment of internal revenues. 

Ohio admitted into the Union, 1803. 

Mississippi territory organized. 

The purchase of Louisiana from France, for $11, - 

250,000, 1803. 
End of the Tripolitan war, June 4th, 1805. 
Aaron Burr killed Alexander Hamilton in a duel, 

1804. 



Michigan territory organized, 1805. 

Western exploration of Clark and Lewis, 1S05. 

Burr and Blannerhassett's treason, 1804, 

Difficulties between the American and British com- 
merce. 

The Embargo Act, 1807. 

First steamboat invented by Robert Fulton, called 
the Clermont, 1807. 



LESSON XLL 



S^ 



1. The Embargo Act repealed, 1808. 

2. War in Indian Territory, 1810. 

3. Louisiana admitted into the Union, 1812. 
{^4. War of 18 1 2 begun. 



^i 



6. 

^7- 



Perry's victory on Lake Erie. 

Death of Tecumseh. 

War with the Creek Indians in Alabama, 1813. 

The capitol at Washington burned by the British, 

1814. 
Treaty of peace signed at Ghent, Belgium, Dec. 

14, 1814. 
Indiana admitted into the Union, 1816. 
U. S. colonization society organized, 18 16. 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 



55 



-^ 



Mississippi admitted into the Union, 1817. 
Trouble with the Seminole Indians, in Georgia, 

1817. 
Florida ceded to the U. S. by Spain for $5,000,- 

000, Feb. 22, 1819. 
Illinois admitted into the Union, 1818. 
Alabama admitted into the Union, 18 [9. 
Maine separated from Massachusetts and admitted 

into the Union, 1820. 



H 



r I. Missouri compromise, 182 1. 

I 2. Missouri admitted into the Union, 

<j 3. Piracy in the West Indies, 1822. 

4. The Monroe Doctrine, 1823. 

5. Lafayette visited America, 1824. 



821- 



LESSON XLII. 



<y[ 



John Adams and Thomas Jefferson died on the fourth 

of July, 1826. 
The tariff question discussed, 1828. 
Protective duties laid on special articles. 



I 

^2■ 






3. 

I. 
2. 
3. 

4- 
^5. 



l7. 



The President vetoed a bill for rechartering a 

United States bank. 
A convention of the people of South Carolina in 

opposition to the tariff law 
Ex-President Monroe died July 4th, 1831. 

Financial panic of 1836-37. 

Arkansas admitted into the Union, 1836. 

Ex-President Madison died, 1836. 

Indian territory organized, 1834. 

Great fire in New York city, burning thirty acres 
of buildings, 1835. 

Patent Office and Post Office burned at Washing- 
ton, 1836. 

Michigan admitted into the Union, 1837. 



56 


RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 


. r I. 

•n C OJ J 2. 
>- rt J-i < 

^ l3. 


The Independent Treasury Bill, 1837. 

Canada attempted to establish its independence, 

1837. 
Close of the Seminole war, 1839. 



LESSON XLIIL 

Wm. H. j I. Called a special session of Congress. 
Harrison. ( 2. Died one month after his inauguration. 

1. Repeal of the Independent Treasury Bill. 

2. President vetoed a bill for rechartering a U. S. bank. 

3. All members of the Cabinet resigned their offices except 
Webster. 

4. North-eastern boundary of the United States settled, 
1841. 

5. Dorr's rebellion, 1842. 

6. Trouble with the Mormons, who left their settlement in 
Jackson county, Missouri, 1839, and settled at 
Narvoo, 111 

7. The question agitated of annexing Texas. 

8. The first telegraph dispatch sent May 29, 1844. 



JO 



1. Mexican war, 1845. 

2. Treaty of peace signed Feb. 2d, 1848. 

3. Gold discovered in California by Sutter, 1848. 

4. Gen. Jackson died, 1845. 

5. J. Q. Adams died, 1848. 

6. Wisconsin admitted into the Union 1848. 






LESSON XLIV. 

1. John C. Calhoun died, 1850. 

2. California admitted into the Union, 1850. 

3. Great disputes on the slavery question. 

4. The Omnibus Bill proposed by Henry Clay, 1850. 
^5. President Taylor died July 9th, 1850. 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 57 

6 ( I. Omnibus Bill passed, 1850. 

o 2. Ad attempt by a few Americans to conquer Cuba, 1850. 

^ 3. Difficulty with England with regard to the coast fish- 
'iZ ^ eries of Newfoundland. 

'^ 4. Henry Clay died, 1852. 



rt 



5. Daniel Webster died, 1852. 



^ (^6. Dr, Kane explored the northern regions, 1853. 



f I. Death of Vice-President William R. King. 
c .2. Route for a Pacific railroad explored, 1853. 
u J 3. The Gadson purchase, 1853. 



5-1 r\ . 



j 4. Commercial privileges agreed to between the United 



Ijh ^ I States and Japan, 1854. 

1^5. Kansas-Nebraska Bill passed 1854. 



LESSON XLV. 



f I. Trouble with the Mormons. 

2. First telegraph cable completed across the Atlantic, 
1858. 

3. Minnesota admitted into the Union, 1858. 



% 4. Oregon admitted into the Union, 1859. 

5. The Dred Scott Bill, 1857 
r^ ^ 9. John Brown's raid, 1859. 

7. Secession of South Carolina, i860. 

8. The government called the Confederate States of 
^ America was formed Feb. 4, 1861. 

The election of Jefferson Davis for President and 
Alexander H. Stevens for Vice-President of the 
Confederate States, Feb. 8, 1861. 



58 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 



LESSON XLVI. 



("< 



1. Beginning of the civil war, 1861. 

2. Fort Sumpter fired on, 1861. 

3. The capcure of Mason and SHdel from the British 

steamer Trent. 

4. Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation 

January i, 1863. 

5. The Conscription Act, March 3. 1863. 

6. West Virginia separated from the old State and 

admitted into the Union, 1863. 
7 The Red River expedition, 1864. 

8. Gen. Grant appointed commander-in-chief of all 

the Union armies in the United States, March 
2d, 1864. 

9. Sherman began his march to the sea, November 

14, 1864. 

10. Nevada admitted into the Union, i864. 

1. End of the C'ivil War, 1865. 

2. Lincoln visited Richmond three days after it was 

evacuated by Lee's army. 

3. The assassination of Abraham Lincoln by John 

Wilkes Booth, and the stabbing of Secretary 
Seward by Lewis Payne Powell, April 14, 1865. 



LESSON XLVII. 



1. The Amnesty Proclamation, May 29th, 1865. 

2. Nebraska admitted into the Union. 1867. 

3. Alaska purchased of Russia for $7,200,000, 1867. 

4. A dispute between the President and Congress with 

regard to the re-organization of the Southern States. 

5. Tenure of Office Bill, 1867. 

6. The impeachment of the President. 
^7. The Fourteenth Amendment, 1868. 



RAMDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 



59 



Ih: 



The Fifteenth Amendment, 1870. 

Alabama claims settled for $15,500,000, 1872. 

Chicago fire, burning 2,100 acres of buildings, 

1871. 
Death of Horace Greely, 1872. 
Sixty-five acres of Boston burned, 1872. 
Modoc war, 1872. 

Credit Mobilier Investigation, 1873. 

'ihe jay Cooke failure, 1873. 

Ex-President Johnson died, 1875. 

Centennial of American independence, 1876. 

The massacre of Gen. Custer and his whole com- 
mand, 1877. 

Colorado admitted into the Union, 1876. 

War v/ith the Sioux Indians, 1877. 

Dispute between the Republicans and Democrats 
with regard to the election of the President. 



LESSON XLVHI. 



V 

X 



I. 

3- 

4 
IS- 



The great railroad strike, 1877. 

War m Idaho with the Nez Perce Indians. 1877. 

Death of William Cullen Bryant, 1878. 

The Murphy Temperance movement, 1877-78. 

The resumption of specie payment, Jan. i, 1879. 



< 2 



While waiting at the depot at Washington for the depar- 
ture of the train for Long Branch, he was shot by 
Charles Guiteau (Git-to) and mortally wounded, 
I suffering until the 19th of September, 1881, when 



I 



he died. 



^ r Charles Guiteau hung for the assassination of Garfield, 
<i J J June 30th, 1882. 

•■^ ■ The Red Cross Society, 1882, 



< [New Orleans Exposition, 1884 



6o RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 

LESSON XLIX. 
EXPLANATIONS TO IMPORTANT EVENTS. 

GEORGE WASHINGTON. 

Q. What was Hamilton's financial plan ? 

A. That the debt of the United States due to American 
citizens as well as the debt of individual states, should be as- 
sumed by the general government, and that all should be paid. 

Q. What party opposed this plan ? 

A. The anti- Federal party. 

Q. Where was the seat of government fixed ? 

A. It was to be at Philadelphia for ten years, and after- 
ward at some locality on the Potomac. 

Q. What was the cause of the war with the Miami Indians 
in 1790. 

A. The Indians were trying to recover the land which 
they had ceded to the United States. 

JOHN ADAMS. 

Q. What was the cause of the Americans being connected 
with the Quasi war ? 

A. The French wanted the Americans to form a league 
with them against Great Britain, which they would not do. 

Q, Who were sent by congress to negotiate peace ? 

A. Elbridge Gerry, John Marshall and Charles Pinckney. 

Q. How were these embassadors received ? 

A. The French Directory refused to receive them unless 
they would pay into the French treasury a quarter of a million 
of dollars. 

Q. Upon this request what did Pinckney reply ? 

A. That the United States had millions for defence, but 
not a cent for tribute. 



LESSON L. 

THOMAS JEFFERSON. 

Q. What led to the duel of Burr and Hamilton ? 

A. Burr was a candidate for governor of New York, and 
was defeated by a large majority, owing to the influence of 
Hamilton. 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 6i 

Q. What was the character of Burr ? 

A. He was a man of great talent, but little principle. 

Q. What position did Burr hold at the time of the duel ? 

A. He was Vice President of the United States. . 

Q. What can you say of Hamilton ? 

A. He was a man of wonderful talent, and had won the 
esteem and confidence of all who knew him. 

Q. Describe Burr and Blannerhassett's treason. 

A. After the death of Hamilton, Burr's political career 
was at an end. He took up his residence with Blannerhassett, 
an Irish exile, on an island in the Ohio river. He and Blanner- 
hassett made a scheme to raise a militajy force, invade Mexico, 
detach the Southwestern States from the Union and overthrow 
the Government of the United States. The plan was discov- 
ered. Burr was arrested in Alabama, taken to Richmond to be 
tried for treason. He was acquitted for want of sufficient proof. 

Q. What was the embargo act of 1807 ? 

A. It was an act by which all American vessels were de- 
tained in the ports of the United States. 

Q. On what river was the first steamboat run ? 

A. On the Hudson. 



LESSON LI. 

JAMES MADISON. 

Q. What was the cause of war in Indian Territory 1810 ? 

A. The rapid advancement of civilization westward had 
caused the Indians to become jealous of the whites. 

Q. Describe the war with the Creek Indians in Alabama 
and Georgia in 1813. 

A. The Creeks attacked Fort Mimms and massacred nearly 
four hundred persons of both sexes, who had fled to that place 
for safety. General Jackson charged upon them at Horseshoe 
Bend with such effect as to kill and drown six hundred of them 
and capture the rest. 

Q. What was the object of the U. S. Colonization Society ? 

A. To provide a refuge for free persons of color. 

JAMES MONROE. 

Q. What was the Missouri Compromise ? 

A. A bill defining the limits of slavery. All States north 



62 RAND/K.LL'S U. S. HISTORY. 

of latitude 36° 30' and all territories west of the Mississippi 
should be free. 

Q. Who proposed this bill ? 

A. Henry Clay. 

Q. What was the Monroe Doctrine? 

A. That the American Continents are not subject to 
colonization by any European power. 



LESSON LIT 

J. Q. ADAMS. 

Q. Where was the first railroad in the United States ? 
When was it built ? 

A. From Albany to Schenectady in 1833. 

ANDREW JACKSON. 

Q. What was the Nullification Ordinance? 

A. It declared the tariff laws "null and void" and that the 
State (South Carolina) would secede from the Union if force 
should be employed to collect any revenue. 

Q. What was the cause of the panic of 1836-37 ? 

A. The United States Bank had been done away with. 
In 1833 Jackson ordered the money removed from the United 
States vaults and distributed among certain State banks. The 
bank thereupon C(mtracted its loans. Money became scarce 
and people were unahle to pay their debts. 

Q. What was the Specie Circular ? 

A. It was an order issued by Jackson by which land 
agents were directed to receive nothing but coin in payment for 
the lands. 

MARTIN VAN BUREN. 

Q. What was the Independent Treasury Bill ? 
A It proposed that the public funds were to be kept in a 
treasury established for that special purpose. 

JOHN TYLER. 

Q W^hy did all the members of Tyler's Cabinet except 
Webster resign ? 

A. On account of Tyler vetoing a bill for rechartering a 
United States bank. 

Q. What was the first dispatch ever sent by telegraph ? 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 63 

A. The nomination of Polk for President. 

Q. What were the anti-rent difficulties ? 

A. The tenants of some of the old patroon estates in New 
York refused to pay the rent. Some disguised themselves sa: 
Indians and tarred and feathered those who paid the rent and 
killed some of the officers who served warrants upon them. 

JAMES K. POLK. 

Q. What was the Fugitive Slave Law? 
A. It provided for the return of slaves to their owners who 
had escaped to a free State. 



LESSON LIIL 

ZACHARY TAYTOR. 

Q. What was the nature of the Omnibus Bill ? 

A. A bill had been proposed to admit California as a free 
State. This caused great dissatisfaction between the North and 
the South. The South claimed that the Missouri compromise 
line extended to the Pacific and guaranteed slavery in CaH- 
fornia. The North claimed that the Missouri compromise had 
respect only to the Louisiana purchase. The Omnibus bill was 
proposed by Henry Clay as a compromise of the difficulty. 

MILLARD FILLMORE. 

Q. Why did the Americans attempt to conquer Cuba in 
1850? 

Because they thought the Cubans were anxious to 
themselves to the United States. 

What is the passing of the Omnibus Bill said to have 



A 
annex 

Q 

done ? 
A 



To postpone the civil war for ten years. 

FRANKLIN PIERCE. 

Q. What was the nature of the Gadsden Purchase ? 

A. Trouble arose between Mexico and the United States 
in regard to the boundary line of the two countries. It was set- 
tled by the United States paying Mexico $10,000,000 and re- 
ceiving 27,000 square miles of territory south of the Gila (He- 
lah) river. 

Q. What was the Kansas-Nebraska Bill ? 

A. It had relation to Kansas and Nebraska and proj)Osed 



64 RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 

that the people of the territories should decide whether it should 
be free or bond. 

Q. Of what was this bill a violation ? 

A. Of the Missouri compromise. 

Q. Who proposed the Kansas-Nebraska Bill ? 

A. Stephen A. Douglas. 

Q. How did the passage of this bill affect the inhabitants 
of Kansas ? 

A. Kansas was a scene of lawless violence for several 
years. 



LESSON LIV. 

JAMES BUCHANAN. 

Q. What was the Dred Scott decision ? 

A. The Supreme Court of the United States had decided 
that the slave owners might take their slaves into any State in 
the Union without forfeiting authority over them. Dred Scott, 
a slave, claimed his freedom on the ground that he had been 
taken into a free State. The decision was against him. 

ABRAHAM LINCOLN. 

Q. What did Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation de- 
clare ? 

A. It declared that on the first day of January, 1863, all 
persons held as slaves within any State or designated part of a 
State, the people whereof shall be in rebellion against the United 
States shall be then, thenceforward and forever free. 

Q What was the conscription act of 1863 ? 

A. It was an act by which the President was authorized to 
recruit the army, if necessary, by a draft. 

Q, What was the object of the Red River expedition, ' 
1864? 

A. To capture Shreveport, the seat of the Confederate 
Government of Louisiana. 

ANDREW JOHNSON. 

Q. What was the nature of the Amnesty Proclamation ? 

A. It granted pardon to all persons except those specified 
in certain classes, who had taken part in upholding the Confed- 
eracy. 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 65 

Q. What is the fourteenth amendment to the constitution ? 

A. It guarantees equal civil rights to all and bases repre- 
sentation in each of the States on the number of voters. 

Q. What was the tenure of Office Bill ? 

A. It declares that persons holding or appointed to any 
civil office by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, 
shall be entitled to hold such ofHce until a successor shall have 
been, in like manner, appointed and duly qualified. 

Q. For what was the impeachment trial of President 
Johnson ? 

A, Difference in political views between him and Congress. 
Also a violation of the tenure of office bill by trying to remove 
Secretary Stanton from office. 



LESSON LV. 

U. S. GRA.NT. 

Q. What was the fifteenth amendment ? 

A. The right ot citizens of the United States to vote shall 
not be denied or abridged by the United States or any State on 
account of race, color or previous condition of servitude. 

Q. What" were the Alabama claims ? 

A. They were claims for damages done by British cruisers 
during the civil war. 

Q. Why were they called Alabama claims ? 

A. On account of most of the damage being done by the 
cruiser Alabama. 

Q. What was the cause of the Modoc war ? 

A. The Modoc Indians occupying the southern shore of 
Lake Klamath, Oregon, were ordered by the Government to 
remove to a new reservation. Ihis they refused to do, after 
which a war followed. 

Q. What was the nature of the Credit Mobeiier swindle ? 

A. The Credit Mobeiier was a joint stock company organ- 
ized in 1863 ^^^ ^^'^^ purpose of building public works. In 1867 
a company who were constructing the Pacific railroad bought 
the charter of the Credit Mobeiier and the stock increased to 
$3,750,000. In 1872 it became known that a great share of the 
stock was owned by members of Congress. This threw the 
matter almost entirely in their own hands. It was one of the 
greatest swindles ever known. 



66 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 



R. B. HAYES. 

Q. Describe the great railroad strike of 1877. 

A. It was a great effort of the railroad hands to obtain 
higher wages. In their efforts they destroyed millions of dollars 
worth of property. After considerable bloodshed they were 
quelled by the militia. 

Q. What was the cause of the trouble with the Nez Perce 
Indians ? 

A. The Government had purchased a part of their ter- 
ritory in 1854, but some of the chiefs had refused to ratify the 
compact and remained at large, committing their depredations. 
In 1877 ^^^y were completely conquered by General Howard 
and Colonel Miles, the Indians being nearly all killed or taken 
prisoners. 

C. A. ARTHUR. 

Q. What was the Red Cross Society ? 

A. It was an orsranized svstem of National relief. 



LESBON LVI. 

CHIEF JUSTICES OF THE UNITED STATES. 



Name. 


Appointed by 


Time Served. 


John Jay 

John Marshall 

Roger B. Taney 

Salmon P Chase 

Morrison R. Waite 


Washington 

Jefferson 

Jackson 

Lincoln 

Grant 


1789 to 1801 
1801 to 1835 
1835 to 1864 
1864 to 1873 
1873 to 



LESSON LVII. 

DIFFERENT FORMS OF GOVERNMENT THAT EXISTED DURING 
THE COLONIAL PERIOD. 

1. The London Company was a commercial corporation. 

2. Pennsylvania, Delaware and Maryland were Proprieta- 
ry Governments. 

3. A Royal Government was one in which the king ap- 
pointed a governor to rule. New Hampshire, New York, New 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 67 

Jersey, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia 
Avere Provisional or Royal Governments. 

4. A Charter Government was one in which the king gave 
the colonists a charter, or Avritten instrument, granting to them 
certain privileges and political rights. 

5. The Plymouth Colony had a government formed 
independently of any king, company, or proprietor. 

6. Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut, were 
chartered colonies. 

7. The Colonies all became Royal Provinces before the 
Revolution. 



LESSON LVIIL 

QUESTIONS ON THE CONSTITUTION OF THE U. S. 

Q. What is the Constitution of the United States ? 

A It is a written instrument which contains the general 
laws that govern the States in their relation to each other. 

Q. Of what branches does the Congress of the United 
States consist? 

A. Of a Senate and a House of Representatives. 

Q, Of what is the Senate composed ? 

A. Of two Senators from each State. 

Q. How are Senators chosen ? 

A. By the Legislatures of the States. 

Q. How long do they serve ? 

A. Six years. 

Q. Into how many classes are they divided ? 

A. Three. 

Q. How are their seats vacated ? 

A. Those of the first class are vacated at the expiration of 
two years ; those of the second class at the expiration of four 
years; and those of the third class at the expiration of six years. 
In this way one-third are chosen every two years. 
- Q. How old must a Senator be ? 

A. Thirty years old. 

Q. How long must a man be a citizen of the United States 
before he can become a Senator ? 

Ao Nine years. 

Q. What must he be a citizen of when elected ? 



68 RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 

A. He must be a citizen of the State from which he is 
elected. 

Q. Who is President of the Senate ? 

A. The Vice-President of the United States. 

Q. Of what is the House of Representatives composed ? 

A. Of memers chosen by the people of the several states. 

Q. How long do they serve? 

A. Two years. 

Q. How old must a man be before he can become a Rep- 
resentative ? 

A. Twenty-five years old. 

Q. How long a citizen of the United States ? 

A, Seven years. 

* Q. Of what must he be a citizen ? 

A. Of the State in which he shall be chosen. 

Q. How many Representatives are sent from each State? 

A. One for about every 152,000 inhabitants. 

Q. How is the Speaker of the House of Representatives 
chosen ? 

A. By the majority of the votes of the members. 

Q. What compensation do Senators and Representatives 
receive ? 

A. Five thousand dollars a year and twenty cents a mile 
going to and from Washington 

Q. When and where does Congress meet ? 

A. In Washington city on the first Monday in December, 
each year. 



LESSOxN LIX. 

Q. What is an elector ? 

A. One who is entitled to vote. 

Q. "What is census ?' 

A. An official report in which the enumeration of the 
people, with their property statements, pursuits, etc. It is to 
be taken every ten years. 

Q. When vacancies occur in the representation of any 
State how is it filled ? 

A. By the Governor of the State. 

Q. Who becomes President of the Senate when the Vice 
President of the United States is absent ? 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 69 

A. The Senate elects one/n? (cm. 

Q. What sole power belongs to the Senate ? 

A. To try all impeachments. 

Q. How may the President of the United States be pun- 
ished for crime in office ? 

A. He shall be impeached by the House of Representa- 
tives and tried by the Senate. The Chief Justice of the United 
States shall preside. 

Q. What majority shall be necessary for conviction. 

A. Two thirds majority of the members present. 

Q. What is the extent of judgment against a convicted 
President ? 

A. It shall not extend further than removal from office 
and disqualifies him to hold any office of honor, trust or profit 
in the United States. 

Q. Wliat is the difference between judgment and indict- 
ment ? 

A. Judgment is the decision of the Judge or Court before 
whom the case is tried. Indictment is the written accusation of 
crime made by i grand jury. 

Q. How are the President and Vice President elected? 

A. The people of the several States elect persons called 
electors and these electors vote tor the President and Vice 
President. 

Q. Where do the electors vote ? 

A. In their respective States, their votes being sealed and 
sent to the President of the Senate at Washington. 

Q. In case of the death or removal of the President who 
then becomes President ? 

A. The Vice President, 

Q. In case of the death or removal of both President and 
Vice President who then becomes President ? 

A. The president of the Senate pro tempore. 

Q. If there is no President of the Senate who then becomes 
President of the United States ? 

A. The Speaker of the House of Representatives. 



LESSON LX. 

Q. What salary does the President get ? 



70 RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 

A. $50,000 a year. 

Q. What salary does the Vice President get ? 

A. $8,000 a year. 

Q. Of what is the Supreme Court of the United States 
composed ? 

A. Of one Chief Justice and eight associate justices. 

Q. How are they appointed ? 

A. By the President. 

Q. For what length of time ? 

A. During life or good behavior. 

Q. What salary does the Chief Justice get ? 

A. $10,500 a year. 

Q. What salaries do the associate justices get ? 

A. $10,000 a year. 

Q. After a bill has passed both houses of Congress what 
must be done with it ? 

A. It must be presented to the President of the United 
States and receive his signature before it can become a law. 

Q. What if the President refuses to sign it (or veto it as it 
is called). 

A. He shall then return it with his objections to the House 
where it originated. 

Q. What is then necessary to be done before it can become 
a law ? 

A. It must pass that House by two thirds majority, after 
which it must be sent to the other House with the President's 
objection and receive two thirds majority in that House; it then 
becomes a law. 

Q. If the President fails to return a bill within ten days 
^Sundays excepted) what does it then become ? 

A. It then becomes a law in like manner as if he had 
signed it, unless Congress, by their adjournment, prevents its 
return, in which case it shall not become a law. 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 



71 



LESSON LXL 

REQUIRE THE PUPILS TO PUT THE FOLLOWING LESSON ON THE 
BOARD WITHOUT BOOKS: 



O 
CO 



President. 



f Natural born citizen of the U. S. 
J Required age 35 years. 
I Salary $50,000 a year. 
l^Term four years. 



from 



f Natural born citizen of the U. S. 

Vice President. ^' ^'j'^"'^^^^ ^^^ 35 years. 

Salary $8,000 a year. 
i^Term four years. 



" Citizen of the U. S. nine years. 
At the time a citizen of the State 

which elected. 
Two from each State. 
<j Required age 30 years. 
Elected by the Legislature of the several 

States. 
Term six years. 
^ Salary $5,000 a year. 



Senator. 



Citizen of the U. S. seven years. 

At the time a citizen of the State from 

which elected. 
Required age 25 years. 
Representative. ^ Elected by the people of the several 
States. 
One for every 152,000 inhabitants. 
Term two years. 
^Salary $5,000 a year. 

C Appointed by the President. 
Chief Justice. -J Salary $10,500 a year. 

( Term during life or good behavior. 

C Appointed by the President. 
Associate Justice ^ Salary $10,000 a year. 

(_ Term during life or good behavior. 



Constitution of the United States. 



We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more 
perfect Union, estai:>Iish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, 
provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, 
and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Pos- 
terity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the 
United States of America. 

ARTICLE L 

Section 1. \11 legislative Powers herein granted shall be 
vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist 
of a Senate and House of Representatives. 

Section 2. The House of Representatives shall be composed 
of Members chosen ever second Year by the People of the sev- 
eral States, aad the Electors in each State shall have the Quali- 
fication requisite for Electors of the most numerous Branch of 
the State uegislature. 

No Person shall be a Representative who shall not have at- 
tained to the age of twenty-five Years, and been seven Years a 
Citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, 
be an Inhabitant of that State in which he shall be chosen. 

Representatives and direct Taxes shall be apportioned among 
the several States which may be included within this Union, 
according to their respective Numbers, which shall be deter- 
mined by adding to the whole Number of free Persons, excluding 
those bound to Service for a Term of Years, and including 
Indians not taxed, three fifths of all other Person. The actual 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 73 

Enumeration shtill be made within three Years after the first 
Meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every 
subsequent Term often Years, in such Manner as they shall by 
Law direct. The Number (jf Represeniatives shall not exceed 
one for every thirty Thousand, but each State shall have at 
Least one Representative; and until such enumeration shall be 
made, the State of New Hampshire shall be entitled to chuse 
three, Massachusetts eight, Rhode Island and Providence Plan- 
tatioris one, Connecticut five, New York six. New Jersey four, 
Pennsylvania eight, Delaware one, Maryland six, Virginia ten, 
North Carolina five five. South CaroHna five, and Georgia three. 

When vacancies happen in the Representation from any 
State, the Executive Authority thereof shall issue Writs of Elec- 
tion to fill such Vacancies. 

The House of Representatives shall chi©se their Speaker and 
other Officers; and shall have the sole Power of Impeachment. 

Section 3. The Senate of the United States shall be composed 
of two Senators from each State, chosen by the Legislature 
thereof, for six Y'cars ; and each Senator shall have one Vote. 

Immediately after they shall be assembled in Consequence of 
the first Election, they shall be divided as equally as may be 
into three Classes. The Seats of the Senators of the first Class 
shall be vacated at the Expiration of the second year, of the 
second Class at the Expiration of the fourth Year, and of the 
third Class at the Expiration of the sixth Year, so that one- 
third may be chosen every second Year ; and if Vacancies hap- 
pen by Resignation, or otherwise, during the Recess of the Leg- 
islature of any State, the Executive thereof may make tempo- 
rary Appointments until the next Meeting of the Legislature, 
which shall then fill such Vacancies. 

No Person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained to 
the Age of thirty Years, and been nine Years a Citizen of the 
L^nited States, and who shall not, when elected be an Inhabit- 
ant of that State for which he shall be chosen. 

The Vice President of the United States shall be President of 
the Senate, but shall have no Vote, unless they be equally 
divided. 

The Senate shall chuse their other Officers, and also a Pres- 
ident pro tempore, in the Absence of the Vice President, or 
when he shall exercise the Office of President of the United 
States. 



74 RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 

The Senate shall have the sole Power to try all Impeach- 
ments. vVhen sitting- for that Purpose, they shall be on Oath 
or Affirmation. When the President of the United States is 
tried, the Chief Justice shall preside : And no Person shall be 
convicted without the Concurrence of two thirds of the Members 
present. 

Judgment in Cases of Liipeachment shall not extend further 
than to removal from Office, and disqualification to hold and 
enjoy any Office of honor. Trust or Profit under the United 
States : but the Party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and: 
subject to Indictment, Trial, Judgment and Punishment, accord- 
ing to Law. 

Section 4. The Times, Places and Manner of holding Elec- 
tions for Senators and Representatives, shall be prescribed in 
each State by the Legislature thereof; but the Congress may at 
any time by Law make or alter such Regulations, except as to 
the Places of chusing Senators. 

The Congress shall assemble at least once in every Year, and 
such Meeting shall be on the first Monday in Decem.ber, unless 
they shall by Law appoint a different Day. 

Section 5. Each House shall be the Judge of the Elections, 
Returns and Qualifications of its own Members, and a Majority 
of each shall constitute a Quorum to do Business ; but a smaller 
Number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized 
to compel the Attendance of absent Meinbers, in such Manner, 
and under such Penalties as each House may provide. 

Each House may determine the Rules of its Proceedings, 
punish its Members fi^r disorderly Behavior, and, with the Con- 
currence of two thirds, expel a Member. 

Each house shall keep a Journal of its Proceedings, and from 
time to time publish the same, excepting such Parts as may in 
their Judgment require Secrecy ; and the Yeas and Nays of the 
Members of either House on any question shall, at the Desire of 
one fifth of those present, be entered on the Journal 
• Neither House, during the Session of Congress, shall, without 
the Consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor 
to* any other Place than that in which the two Houses shall be 
sitting. 

Section 6. The Senators and Representatives shall receive a 
Compesation for their Services, to be ascertained by Law, and 
paid out of the Treasury of the United States. They shall in all 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 75 

Cases except Treason, Felony and Breach of the Peace, be 
privileged from Arrest during their Attendance at the Session of 
their respective Houses, and in going to and returning from the 
same ; and for any Speech or Debate in either House, they shall 
not be questioned in any other place. 

No Senat(jr or Eepresentative shall, during the Time for 
which he v;as elected, be appointed to any civil Office under the 
Authority of the United States, which shall have been created, 
or the Emoluments whereof shall have been encreased during 
such time; and no Person liolding any Office under the United 
States, shall be a Member of either House during his Continu- 
ance in Office. 

Section 7. All Bills tor raising Revenue shall orginate in the 
House of Representatives ; but the Senate may propose or concur 
with Amendments as on other Bills. 

Every Bill which shall have passed the House of Represent- 
tatives and the Senate, shall, before it become a Law, be pre- 
sented to the President of the United States ; If he approve he 
shall sign it, but if not he shall return it, with his Objections to 
that House in which it shall have originated, who shall enter 
the Objections at large on their Journal, and proceed to recon- 
sider it. If after such Reconsideration two thirds of that House 
shall agree to pass the Bill, it shall be sent, together with the 
Objections, to the othei House, by which it shall likewise be 
reconsidered, and if approved by two thirds of that House, it 
shall become a Law. iUit in all such Cases the Vote of both 
Houses shall be determined by Yeas and Nays, and the Names 
of the Persons voting for and against the Bill shall be entered 
on the Journal of each House respectively. If any Bill shall not 
be returned by the President within ten Days (Sundays ex- 
cepted) after it shall have been presented to him, the Same 
shall be a Law, in like Manner as if he had signed it, unless the 
Congress by their Adjournment prevent its Return, in which 
Case it shall not be a Law. 

P^very Order, Resolution, or Vote to which the Concurrence 
of the Senate and House of Representatives may be necessary 
(except on a question of Adjournment) shall be presented to the 
President of the United States ; and before the Same shall take 
Effect, shall be approved by him, or being disapproved by him 
shall be repassed by two thirds of the Senate and House of 



76 RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 

Representatives according to tlie Rules and Linjitations pre- 
scribed in the Case of h Bill. 

Section 8. The Congress shall have Power To lay and col- 
lect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and 
provide for the common Defence and general Welfjire of tlie 
United States ; but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be 
uiiiform throughout the United States ; 

To borrow Money on the credit of the United States ; 

To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the 
several Sates, and with the Indian Tribes ; 

To establish an uniform Rule of Naturalization, and uniform 
Laws on the suject of Bankruptcies throughout the United 
States ; 

To coin Money, regulate the Value thereof, and of foreign 
Coin, and fix the Standard of Weights and Measures. 

To provide for the Punishment of counterfeiting the Securi- 
ties and current Coin of the United States ; 

To establish Post Ofiices and post Roads ; 

To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by se- 
curing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive 
Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries ; 

To constitute Tribunals inferior to the supreme Court ; 

To define and punish Piracies and Felonies committed on the 
high Seas, and Offences aginst the Law of Nations; 

To declare War, grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal, and 
make Rules concerning Captures on Land and Water ; 

To raise and support Armies, but no Appropriation of Money 
to that Use shall be for a longer Term than two Years ; 

To provide and maintain a Navy ; 

To make Rules for the Government and Regulation of the 
land and naval Forces ; 

To provide for calling forth the Militia to execute the Laws of 
the Union, suppress Insurrections and repel Invasions ; 

To provide for oraianizing, arming, and disciplining, the 
Militia, and for governing such Part of them as may be em- 
ployed in the Services of the United States, reserving to the 
States respectively, the Appointment of the Ofiicers, and the 
Authority of training the Militia according to the discipline 
prescribed by Congress ; 

To exercise exclusive Legislation in all Cases whatsoever, over 
such District (not exceeding ten Miles square) as may, by 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 77 

Cession of particular States, and tlie Acceptance of Congress 
become the Seat of the Government of the United States, and to 
exercise like Authority over all Places purchased by the Consent 
of the Legislature of the State in which the Same shall be, for 
the Erection of Forts, Magazines, Arsenals, dock- Yards, and 
other needful Buildings ; — And 

To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for 
carrying into Executi(jn the foregoing Powers, and all other 
Powers vested by tlus Constitution in the Government of the 
United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof. 

Section 9. The Migration or Importation of such Persons as 
any of the States now existing shall think proper to admit, 
shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior of the Year one 
thousand eight Jiundred and eight, but a Tax or duty may be 
imposed on such Importation, not exceeding ten dollars for each 
Person. 

The Privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corbus shall not be 
suspended, unless when in Cases of Rebellion or Invasion the 
public Safety may require it. 

No Bill of Attainder or ex post facto Law shall be passed. 

No Capitation, or other direct, tax shall be laid, unless in 
Propoj'tion to the Census or Enumeration herein before directed 
to l)e taken. 

No Tax or Duty shall be laid on Articles exported from any 
State. 

No Preference shall be given by any Regulation of Commerce 
or Revenue to the Ports of one State over those of another ; nor 
shall Vessels bound to, or from, one State, be obliged to enter 
clear, or pay Duties in another. 

No Money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in Conse- 
quence of Appropriations made by Law ; and a regular State- 
ment and Account of the Receipts mid Expenditures of all pub- 
lic Money shall be published from time to time. 

No title of Nobility shall be granted by the United States ; 
And no Person holding any Office of Profit or Trust under them 
shall, without the Consent of the Congress, accept of any 
present, Emolument, Office, or Title, of any kind whatever, from 
any. King, Prince, or foreign State. 

Section 10. No State shall enter into any Treaty, Alliance 
or Confederation ; grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal ; coin 
Money ; emit Bills of Credit ; make any Thing but gold and 



78 RANDALL'S U. S. HLSTORY. 

silver Coin a Tender in Payment of Debts; pass any Bill of At- 
tainrier, ex post facto Law, or Law impairing the Obligation of 
Contracts, or grant any Title of Nobility. 

No State shall, without the consent of the Congress, lay any 
Imposts or Dudes on Imports or Exports, except what may be 
absolutely necessary for executing its inspection Laws : and the 
net Produce of all Duties and Imposts, laid by any State on 
Imports or Exports, shall be for the Use of the Treasury of the 
United States ; and all such Laws shall be subject to the Re- 
vision and Controul of the Congress. 

No State shall, without the the C-msent of C<mgress, lay any 
Duty of Tonnage, keep Troops, or Ships of War in time of 
Peace, enter into any Agreement or Compact with another State, 
or with a foreign Power, or engage in War, unless actually in- 
vaded, or in such imminent Danger as will not admit of delay. 

ARTICLE IL 

Section 1. The executive Power shall be vested in as Pre- 
ident of the Unted States of America, He shall hold his Office 
during the Term of four Years, and, together with the Vice 
President, chosen for the same Term, be elected, as follows. 

Each State shall appoint, in such Manner as the Legislature 
thereof may direct, a Number of Electors, equal to the whole 
Number of Senators and Representatives to which the State may 
be entitled in the Congress : but no Senator or Representative, 
or Person holding an Office of Trust or profit under the United 
States, shall be appointed an Elector 

The Congress may determine the Time of chusing the Elect- 
ors, and the Day on which they shall give their Votes ; w^hich 
Day shall be the same throughout the United States. 

No Person except a natural born Citizen, or a Citizen of the 
United States, at the time of the Adoption of this Constitution, 
shall be eligible to the Office of President; neither shall any 
Person be eligible to that Office who shall not have attained to 
the Age of thirty-five Years, and been fourteen Years a Resident 
within the United States. 

In Case of the Removal of the President from Office, or of 
his Death, Resignation or Inability to discharge the Powers and 
Duties of the said Office, the same shall devolve on the Vice 
President, and the Congress may by law provide for the Case of 
Removal, Death, Resignation or Inability, both of the President 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. . 79 

and Vice President, declaring what Officer shall then act as 
President, and such Officer shall act accordingly, until the Dis 
ability be renioved or a President shall be elected. 

The President shall, at stated Times, receive for his Services 
a C'ompenSation, which shall neither be encreased nor dimin- 
ished during the Period for which he may have been elected, 
and he shall not receive within that Period any other Emolu- 
ment from the United States, or any of them. 

Before he enter on the Execution of his Office, he shall take 
the following Oath of Affirmation: — "I do solemnly swear (or 
affirm) that I will faithfully execute the Office of President of 
the United States, and will to the best of my Ability, preserve, 
protect and defend the Constitution of the United States." 

Section 2. The President shall be Commander-in-Chief of 
the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the Militia of 
the several States, when called into the actual Service of the 
United States; he may require the Opinion, in writing, of the 
principal Officer in each of the executive Departments, upon 
any subject relating to the Duties of their respective Offices, and 
he shall have Power to grant Reprieves and Pardons for Offences 
against the United States, except in Cases of Impeachment 

He shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent 
of the Senate, to make Treaties, provided two thirds of the Sen- 
ators present concur; and he shall nominate, and by and with 
the Advice and Consent of the Senate, shall appoint Ambassa- 
dors, other public Ministers and Consuls, Judges 01 the Supreme 
Court, and all other Officers of the United States, whose Ap- 
pointments are not herein otherwise provided for, and which 
shall be established by Law; but the Congress may by Law vest 
the Appointment of such inferior Officers, as they think proper, 
in the President alone, in the Courts of Law, or in the Heads 
of Dei^artments. 

The President shall have Power to fill up all Vacancies that 
may happen during the Recess of the Senate, by granting Com- 
missions which shall expire at the End of their next Session. 

Section 3. He shall from time to time give to the Congress 
Information of the State of the Union, and recommend to their 
Consideration such Measures as he shall judge necessary and 
expedient; he may, on extraordinary Occasions, convene both 
Houses, or either of them, and in Case of Disagreement between 
them, with Respect to the Time of Adjournment, he may adjourn 



So . RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 

them to such Time as he shall think proper; he shall receive 
Ambassadors and other public Ministers; he shall take Care 
that the Laws be faithfully executed, and shall Commission all 
the Officers of the United States. 

Section 4. The President, Vice President and all civil Officers 
of the United States, shall be removed from Office on Impeach- 
ment for, and Conviction of, Treason, Bribery or other high 
Crimes and Misdemeanors. 

ARTICLE IIL 

Section t. The Judicial Power of the United States, shall be 
vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the 
Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The 
Judges, both of the supreme aud inferior Courts, shall hold their 
Offices during good Behavior, and shall, at stated Times receive 
for their Services, a Compensation, which shall not be dimin- 
ished during their Continuance in Office. 

Section 2. The Judicial Power shall extend to all Cases, in 
Law and Equity, arising under this Constitution, the Laws of 
the United States, and Treaties made, or which shall be made, 
under their Authority; — to all Cases affectmg Ambassadors, 
other public Ministers and Consuls; — to all Cases of admiralty 
and maritime Jurisdiction; — to Controversies to which the United 
States shall be a Party; — to Controversies between two or more 
States; — between a State and Citizens of another State; — between 
(Citizens of different States, — between Citizens of the same State 
claiming Lands under Grants of different States, and between a 
State, or the Citizens thereof, and foreign States, Citizens or 
Subjects. 

In all Cases affecting Ambassadors, other public Ministers 
and Consuls, and those in which a State shall be Party, the 
supreme Court shall have original Jurisdiction. In all the other 
Cases before mentioned, the supreme Court shall have appellate 
Jurisdiction, both as to Law and Fact, with such Exceptions, 
and under such Regulations as the Congress shall make. 

The Trial of all Crimes, except in Cases of Impeachment, 
shall be by Jury; and such Trial shall be held in the State where 
the said Crimes shall have been committed; but when not com- 
mitted within any State, the Trial shall be at such Place or 
Places as the Congress may by Law have directed. 

Section 3. Treason against the United States, shall consist 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 8i 

only in levying War against them, or in adhering to their Ene- 
mies, giving them Aid and Comfort. No Person shall be con- 
victed of Treason unless on the Testimony of two Witnesses to 
the same overt Act, or on Confession in open Court. 

The Congress shall have Power to declare the Punishment of 
Treason, but no Attainder of Treason shall work Corruption of 
Blood, or Forfeiture except during the Life of the Person at- 
tainted. 

ARTICLE IV. 

Section i. Full Faith and Credit shall be given in each 
State to the public Acts, Records, and judicial Proceedings of 
every other State And the Congress may by general Laws 
prescribe the Manner in which such Acts, Records and Pro- 
ceeding shall be proved, and Effect, thereof. 

Section 2 The Citizens of each State shall be entitled to 
all Privleges and Lnmunities of Citizens in the several States. 

A person charged in any State with Treason, Felony, or 
other Crime, who shall flee from Justice, and be found in another 
State, shall on Demand of the excutive Authority of the State 
from which he fled, be delivered up to be removed to the State 
having Jurisdiction of the Crime. 

No Person held on Service or Labour in one State, under the 
Lav/s thereof, escaping into another, shall, in Consequence of 
any Law or Regulation therein, be discharged from such Service 
or Labour, but shall be delivered up on Claim of the Party to 
whom such Service or Labour may be due. 

Section 3. New States may be admitted by the Congress into 
this Union ; but no new State shall be formed or erected within 
the Jurisdiction of any other State ; nor any State be formed by 
the Junction of two or more States, or Parts of States, without 
the Consent of the Legislatures of the States concerned as well 
as of the Congress. 

The Congress shall have Power to dispose of and make all 
needful Rules and Regulations respecting the Territory of other 
Property belonging to the United States ; and nothing in the 
Constitution shall be so construed to to Prejudice any Claims of 
the United States, or of any particular State. 

Section 4. The United States shall guarantee to every State 
in this Union a Republican Form of Government, and shall 
protect each of them against Invasion ; and on Application of 



82 RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 

the Legislature, or of the Executive (when the Legislature 
cannot he convened) against domestic Violence. 

ARTICLE V. 

The Congress, whenever two thirds of both Houses shall 
deem it neeessary, shall propose Amendments of this Constitu- 
tion, or, on the Application of the Legislatures of two thirds of 
of the several States, shall call a Convention for proposing 
Amendments, which, in either Case, shall be valid to all Intents 
and Purposes, as Part of this Constitution when ratified by the 
Legislatures of three fourths of the several States, or by Con- 
ventions in three fourths thereof, as the one or the other Mode 
of Ratification may be proposed by the Congress; Provided that 
no Amendment which may be made prior to the Year One 
thousand eight hundred and eight shall in any Manner effect the 
first fourth Clauses in the Ninth Section of the Article ; and 
that no State, without its Consent, shall be deprived of its equal 
Suffrage in the Senate. 

ARTICLE VI. 

All Debts contracted and Engagements entered into, before 
the Adoption of this Constitution, shall be as valid against the 
United States under this Constitution, as under the Confed- 
eration. 

This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States which 
shall be made in Pursuance thereof; and all Treaties made, or 
which shall be made, under the Authority of the United States, 
shall be the supreme Law of the Land ; and the Judges in every 
State shall be bound thereby, any Thing in the Constitution or 
Laws of any State to the Contrary notwithstanding. 

The Senators and Representatives before mentioned, and the 
Members of the several State Legislatures, and all executive and 
judicial Officers, both of the United States and of the several 
States, shall be bound by Oath or Affirmation, to support this 
Constitution ; but no religtous Test shall ever be required as a 
Qualification to any Office or public Trust under the United 
States. 

ARTICLE VII. 

The Ratification of the Conventions of nine States, shall be 
sufficient for the Establishment of this Constitution between the 
States so ratifying the Same. 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 



83 



Done in Convention by the Unanimous Consent of the States 
present the Seveteenth Day of September in the Year of our 
Lord one thousand seven hundred and Eighty seven, and of 
the Independence of the United States of America the 
Twelfth. In V^itlieSS whereof We have hereunton 
subscribed our Name, 

Geo. Washington — 
Presidt. and Deputy from Virginia. 



John Langdon 



New Ha7npshire. 

Nicholas Oilman 
Massachuetts. 
Nathaniel Gorman Rufus King 

Connecticut. 
Wm. Saml. Johnson Roger Sherman 

New York. 
Alexander Hamilton 

New Jersey. 

Wm. Paterson 
Jona: Dayton 
Pennsylvania. 

Thos. Fitzsimons 
Jared Ingersoll 
James Wilson 
Gouv Morris 
Delaware. 

Richard Bassett 
Gunning Bedford Jun 



Wil: Livingston 
David Brearley 

B. Franklin 
Thomas Mifflin 
RoBT. Morris 
Geo. Clymer 



Geo. Read 
Jaco: Broom 
John Dickinson 

Maryland. 
James McHenry Danl. Carroll 

Dan of St. Thos. Jenifer 

Virginia. 
John Blair — James Madison Jr. 



84 RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 

North Carolina. 
Wm. Blount Hu Williamson 

RiCHD, DOBBS SpAIGHT 

South Carolina. 
J. RuTLEGE Charles Pinckney 

Chas. Cotesworth Pinckney Pierce Butler 

Georgia. 
William Few Abr Baldwin 

Attest WILLIAM JACKSON Secretary 



Article in Addition to, and Amendment of, the Constitution of 
the United States of America, Proposed by Congress, and 
Ratified by the Legislatures of the several States Pursuant to 
the fifth Article of the Original Constitution, 

ARTICLE I. 

Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of 
religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging 
the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people 
peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a 
redress of grievances. 

ARTICLE II. 

A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a 
iree State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall 
not be infringed. 

ARTICLE III. 

No soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, 
without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a 
manner to be prescribed by law. 

ARTICLE IV. 

The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, 
papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, 
shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon 
probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particu- 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 85' 

larly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or 
things to be seized. 

ARTICLE V. 

No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise 
infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a 
Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, 
or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or pub- 
lic danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence 
to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be com- 
pelled in any Criminal Case to be a witness against himself, nor 
be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of 
law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without 
just compensation. 

ARTICLE VL 

In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right 
to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State 
and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which 
district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to 
be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be 
confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory 
process for obtaining Witnesses in his favor, and to have the 
Assistance of Counsel for his defence. 

ARTICLE VII. 

In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall 
exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be pre- 
served, and no fact tried by a jury shall be otherwise re-examined 
in any Court of the United States, than according to the rules of 
the common law. 

ARTICLE VIII. 

Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines im- 
posed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflcted. 

ARTICLE IX. 

The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall 
not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the 
people. 



S6 RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 

ARTICLE X. 

The powers not delegated to the United States by the Con- 
stitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the 
States respectively, or to the people. 

ARTICLE XL 

The Judicial power of the United States shall not be construed 
to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted 
against one of the United States by Citizens of another State, 
or by Citizens or Subjects of any Foreign State. 

AETICLE XII. 

The Electors shall meet in their respective states, and vote by 
ballot for President and Vice President, one of whom, at least, 
shall not be an inhabitant of the same state with themselves; 
they shall name in their ballots the persons voted for as. Presi- 
dent, and in distinct ballots the person voted for as Vice Presi- 
dent, and they shall make distinct lists of all persons voted for 
as President, and of all persons voted for as Vice President, and 
of the number of votes for each, which lists they shall sign and 
certify, and transmit sealed to the seat of the government of the 
United States, directed to the President of the Senate; — The 
President of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and 
House of Representatives, open all the certificates and the votes 
shall then be counted; — The person having the greatest number 
of votes for President, shall be the President, if such number be 
a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed; and if no 
person have such majority, then from the persons having the 
highest numbers not exceeding three on the list of those voted 
for as President, the House of Representatives shall choose im- 
mediately, by ballot, the President. Hut in choosing the Presi- 
dent, the votes shall be taken by States, the representation from 
each state having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall con- 
sist of a member or members from two-thirds of the states, and a 
majority of all the states shall be necessary to a choice. And if 
the House of Representatives shall not choose a President 
whenever the right of choice shall devolve upon them, before 
the fourth day of March next following, then the Vice President 
shall act as President, as in the case of the death or other con- 
stitutional disability of the President. The person having the 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 87 

greatest number of votes as Vice President, shall be the Vice 
President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of 
Electors appointed, and if no person have a majority, then from 
the two highest numbers on the list, the Senate shall choose the 
Vice President; a quorum for the purpose shall consist of two 
thirds of the whole number of Senators, and a majority of the 
whole number shall be necessary to a choice But no person 
constitutionally ineligible to the office of President shall be eligi- 
ble to that of Vice President of the United States. 

ARTICLE XIIL 

Section i. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as 
a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly 
convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place sub- 
ject to their jurisdiction. 

Section 2. Congress shall have power to enforce this article 
by appropriate legislation. 

ARTICLE XIV. 

Section 1. All persons born or naturalized in the United 
States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the 
L^nited States and of the State wherein they reside. No State 
shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges 
or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State 
deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due pro- 
cess of law ; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the 
equal protection of the law. 

Section 2. Representatives shall be apportioned among the 
several States according to their respective numbers, counting 
the whole number of persons in each State, excluding Indians 
not taxed. But when the right to vote at any election for the 
choice of electors for President and Vice President of the United 
States, Representatives in Congress, the Executive and Judicial 
officers of a State, or the members of the Legislature thereof, 
is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such State, being 
twenty-one years of age, and citizens of the United States, or in 
any way abridged, except for participation in rebellion, or other 
crime, the basis of representation therein shall be reduced in the 
proportion which the number of such male citizens shall bear to 
the whole number of male citizens twenty-one years of age in 
such State. 



88 RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 

Section 3. No person shall be a Senator or Representative 
in Congress, or elector of President and Vice President, or hold 
any office, civil or military, under the United States, or under 
any State, who, having previously taken an oath, as a member 
of Congress, or as an officer of the United States, or as a mem- 
ber of any State legislature, or as an executive or judicial officer 
of any State, to support the Constitution of the United States, 
shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, 
or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. But Congress 
may by a vote of two thirds of each House, remove such dis- 
ability. 

Section 4. The validity of the public debt of the United 
States, authorized by law, including debts incurred for payment 
of pensions and bounties for services in suppressing insurrection 
or rebellion, shall not be questioned. But neither the United 
States nor any State shall assume or pay any debt or obligation 
incurred in aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United 
States, or any claim for the loss or emancipation of any slave; 
but all such debts, obligations and claims shall be held illegal 
and void. 

Section 5. The Congress shall have power to enforce, by 
appropriate legislation, the provisions of this article. 

ARTICLE XV. 

Section i. The right of citizens of the United States to vote 
shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any 
State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servi- 
tude. 

Section 2. The Congress shall have power to enforce this 
article by appropriate legislation. 



Declaration of Independence. 



f HEN, in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one 
people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them 
with another, and to assume, among the powers of the earth, the 
separate and equal station, to which the laws of nature, and of nature's 
God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires 
that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation. 

We hold these truths to be self-evident — that all men are created 
equal ; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable 
rights ; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. 
That, to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriv- 
ing their just powers from the consent of the governed; that, whenever 
any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right 
of the people to alter or abolish it, and to institute a new government, lay- 
ing its foudations on such principles, and organizing its powers in such 
form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their safety and happi- 
ness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that governments long established 
should not be changed for light and transient causes ; and, accordingly, 
all experience hath shown that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while 
evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to 
which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpa- 
tions, pursuing invariably the same object, evinces a design to reduce them 
under absolute despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off 
such government, and to provide new guards for their future security. 
Such has been the patient sufferance of these colonies, and such is now the 
necessity which constrains them to alter their former systems of govern- 
ment. The history of the present king of Great Britain, is a history of re- 
peated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the establish- 
ment of an absolute tyranny over these states. To prove this, let facts be 
submitted to a candid world. 

He has refused his assent to laws the most wholesome and necessary 
for the public good. 

He has forbidden his governors to pass laws of immediate and pres- 
sing importance, unless suspended in their operations until his assent 
shonld be obtained ; and, when so suspended, he has utterly neglected to 
attend to them. 

He has refused to pass other laws for the accommodation of large dis- 
tricts of people, unless those people would relinquish the right of repre- 
sentation in the Legislature — a right inestimable to them, and formidable 
!o tyrants only. 



90 RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 

He has called logether legislative bodies at places unusual, uncomfort- 
able, and distant from the repository of their public records, for the sole 
purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with his measures. 

He has dissolved representative houses repeatedly, for opposing, with 
manly firmness, his invasions on the rights of the people. 

He has refused, for a long time after such dissolutions, to cause others 
to be elected, whereby the legislative powers, incapable of annihilation, 
have returned to the people at large for their exercise; the State remaining, 
in the meantime, exposed to all the dangers of invasions from without, 
and convulsions within. 

He has endeavored to prevent the population of these States ; for that 
purpose obstructing the laws for the naturalization of foreigners ; refusing 
to pass others to encourage their migration hither, and raising the condi- 
tions of new appropriations of lands. 

He has obstructed the administration of justice, by refusing his assent 
to laws for establishing judiciary powers. 

He has made judges dependent on his will alone for the tenure of 
their offices, and the amount and payment of their salaries. 

He has erected a multitude of new offices, and sent hither swarms of 
officers to harass our people and eat out their substance. 

He has kept among us in times of peace, standing armies, without the 
consent of our Legislatures. 

He has affected to render the military independent of, and superior 
to, the civil power. 

He has combined with others to subject us to a jurisdiction foreign to 
our constitutions, and unacknowledged by our laws; giving his assent to 
their acts of pretended legislation: 

For quartering large bodies of armed troops among us; 

For protecting them, by a mock trial, from punishment for any mur- 
ders which they should commit on the inhabitants of these States; 

For cutting off our trade with all parts of the world; 

For imposing taxes on us without our consent; 

For depriving us, in many cases, of the benefit of trial by jury; 

For transporting us beyond seas, to be tried for pretended offences; 

For abolishing the free system of English laws in a neighboring pro- 
vince, establishing therein an arbitrary government, and enlarging its 
boundaries, so as to render it at once an example and fit instrument for 
introducing the same absolute rule into these colonies; 

For taking away our charters, abolishing our most valuable laws, and 
altering, fundamentally, the forms of our governments; 

For suspending our own Legislatures, and declaring themselves in- 
vested with power to legislate for us in all cases whatsoever. 

He has abdicated government here, by declaring us out of his protec- 
tion, and waging war against us. 

He has plundered our seas, ravaged our coasts, burned our towns; and 
destroyed the lives of our people. 

He is at this time transporting large armies of foreign mercenaries, to 
complete the works of death, desolation, and tyranny, already begun with 



RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 



91 



circumstances of cruelty and perfidy scarcely paralleled in the most bar- 
barous ages, and totally unworthy the head of a civilized nation. 

He has constrained our fellow-citizens, taken captive on the high seas, 
to bear arms against their country, to become the executioners of their 
friends and brethren, or to fall themselves by their hands. 

He has excited domestic insurrection among us, and has endeavored 
to bring on the inhabitants of our frontiers, the merciless Indian savages, 
whose known rule of warfare is an undistinguished destruction of all ages, 
sexes, and conditions. 

In every stage of these oppressions we have petitioned for redress in 
the most humble terms; our repeated petitions have been answered only 
by repeated injury. A prince whose character is thus marked by every 
act which may define a tyrant, is unfit to be the ruler of a free people. 

Nor have we been wanting in our attentions to our British brethren. 
We have warned them, from time to time, of attempts by their legislature 
to extend an unwarrantable jurisdiction over us. We have reminded them 
of the circumstaiices of our emigration and settlement here. We have ap- 
pealed to their native justice and magnanimity, and we have conjured 
them by the ties of our common kindred, to disavow these usurpations, 
which would inevitably interrupt our connections and correspondence. 
They, too, have been deaf to the voice of justice and of consanguinity. We 
must, therefore, acquiesce in the necessity which denounces our separa- 
tion, and hold them as we hold the rest of mankind — enemies in war — in 
peace, friends. 

We, therefore, the representatives of the United States of America, in 
general Congress assembled, appealing to the Supreme Judge of the world 
for the rectitude of our intentions, do, in the name and by the authority of 
the good people of these colonies, solemnly publish and declare that these 
united colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent Slates; 
that they are absolved, from all allegienee to the British crown, and that 
all political connection between them and the State of Great Britain, is, 
and ought to be, totally dissolved, and that, as free and independent 
Slates, they have full power to levy war, conclude peace, contract alliances, 
establish commerce, and do all other acts and things which independent 
States may of right do. And for the support of this Declaration, with a 
firm reliance on the protection of Divine Providence, we mutually pledge 
to each other our lives, our fortunes, and our sacred honor. 

The foregoing declaration was by order of Congress, engrossed, and signed by 
the following members: 



John Hancock. 
Josiah Bartlett. 
William Whipple. 
Matthew Thornton. 
Samuel Adams. 
John Adams. 
Robert Treat Paine. 
Eibridge Gerry. 
Stephen Hopkins. 
William EUery. 
Roger Sherman. 
Samuel Huntington. 
William Williams. 
Oliver Wolcott. 



William Floyd. 
Philip Livingston. 
Francis Lewis, 
Lewis Morris.. 
Richard Stockton. 
John Witherspoon. 
Francis Hopkinson. 
John Hart. 
Abraham Clark. 
Thomas M'Kean. 
Robert Morrie. 
Benjamin Rush. 
Benjamin Franklin. 
John Morton. 



George Clymer. 
James Smith. 
George Taylor. 
James Wilson. 
George Ross. 
Caesar Rodney. 
George Read. 
Samuel Chase. 
William Paca. 
Thomas Stone. 
Charles Carroll. 
George Wythe. 
Richard Henry Lee. 
Thomas Jefferson. 



Benjamin Harrison. 
Thomas Nelson, Jun. 
Francis Lightfoot Lee 
Carter Braxlon. 
William Hooper. 
Joseph Hewes. 



John Penn. 
Ec 



Idward Rutledge. 
Thomas Heyward, Jr. 
Thomas Lynch, Jr. 
Arthur Middleton. 
Button Gwinnett. 
Lyman Hall. 
George Walton. 



92 RANDALL'S U. S. HISTORY. 

INDEX. 

Kinds of History 5 

History of America previous to Columbus Discovery 6 

The Eleven Families of the American Indians 6 

Names of Noted Indians 7 

The Early Discoverers 7 

Christopher Columbus 8 

Juan Ponce de Leon 8 

Ferdinand Magellan 9 

De Narvaez 9 

Hernando de Soto 10 

Gasper Cortereal 11 

Giovanni Verazzano 11 

James Carter 12 

Samuel de Champlain 13 

Settlement of St. Augustine 14 

Settlement of Virginia 14 

Government of Virginia, first Charter 16 

Government of Virginia, second Charter 17 

Government of Virginia, third Charter 17 

Settlement of Nevi^ England 18 

Settlement of Middle and Southern States 20 

Battles of the French and Indian War 21 

General Questions on French and Indian War 22 

Battles of the Revolution 24 

General Questions on the Revolution, etc 24 

Battles of the War of 1812 32 

General Questions on the War of 181 2 32 

Battles of the Mexican War 35 

General Questions on the Mexican War 35 

Battles of the Civil War 3? 

General Questions on the Civil War 40 

Commanders of the French and Indian War 47 

Commanders of the Revolutionary War 48 

Commanders of the War of 18I2 48 

Commanders of the Mexican War 48 

Commanders of the Civil War 48 

Wars and Rebellions with Which the United States Have Been Con- 
nected 49 

Causes of Wars and Rebellions 49 

Presidents and Vice Presidents of the United States 52 

Principal Events Under the Administration of the Presidents 53 

Explanations to Important Events 60 

Chief Justices of the United States 66 

Forms of Government that Existed During the Colonial Period 66 

Questions on the Constitution of the United States , 67 

United States Officers 71 

Constitution of the United States 72 

Declaration of Independence 89 



